An Effective Method for the Rooting of Tea Cuttings

doi:10.11983/CBB19025

Abstract

Abstract: Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most important beverage crops in the world. With the expanding cultivation area, the demand for tea seedlings is increasing. However, there are many problems with the traditional breeding method for tea plants using cuttings, such as low rooting rate, time consumption and difficulties to obtain materials. Therefore, optimizing the cutting method is of great importance for tea production. In this study, we first changed the culture medium to sponges and found that tea cuttings were able to generate new roots within 1 month on sponges, with rooting rate 32.2%. Second, we optimized the cutting materials by using fresh green tea branches in sponges, and the rooting potential of goung branch maintained with one bud and one leaf is better. In addition, we found that supplying rooting powder to sponges significantly promoted callus formation and new root generation from cuttings. In general, the most effective way was to apply 1.25 g∙L ^-1 rooting powder to cuttings for 48 h, for a rooting rate of 42.0%. We have established an effective rooting method for tea cuttings by optimizing the culture medium, cutting materials and adding optimal rooting powder. This method could shorten the rooting time, avoid the restriction of cutting materials, and thus effectively reduce the expense of tea cuttings, which has application prospects in tea production.

Key words: tea plant, cuttings, spongy culture, callus, rooting

Xiaomei Liu,Lili Sun,Xiangdong Fu,Hong Liao. An Effective Method for the Rooting of Tea Cuttings[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2019, 54(4): 531-538.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB19025

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2019/V54/I4/531

Figures/Tables 6

Figure 1 Procedure of tea plant cutting (1) Tea plant short branch was clipped from long branch, maintained with one bud and one leaf, and cut with some wounds in the bottom of stem; (2) Short branch was fixed by sponge and cultivated in the bottle with tea plant nutrient solution, after the treatment of rooting powder; (3) Callus came out after 20 d of cultivation; (4) Root emerged after 25 d.

Figure 2 Effects of different cultivation matrixes on tea plant rooting ratio (A) Cultivation of tea short branch in red soil from tea garden; (B) Cultivation of tea short branch by hydroponics; (C) Cultivation of tea short branch in sponge; (D) Rooting rate of tea short branch in different cultivation matrixes. Bars=1 cm; *** P≤0.001.

Figure 3 Root development of tea plant cutting seedling (A) Formation of callus in the tea plant cutting seedlings after 20 d cultivation (Bar=2 mm); (B) Formation of roots from the tea cutting seedlings after 25 d (Bar=2 mm); (C) Tea plant growth after 5 months (Bar=10 cm).

Figure 4 Transection of tea plant cutting seedling (A) Structure of normal stem (Bar=500 μm); (B) Three incisions in stem surface while branch cutting (Bar=500 μm); (C) Structure of callus (Bar=500 μm); (D) Structure of root emerging from stem incision (Bar=100 μm)

Figure 5 Effects of different branch lengths on rooting rate of tea plant (A) Schematic diagram of short branch cutting length (Bar=1 cm); (B) Schematic diagram of long branch cutting length (Bar= 1 cm); (C) Rooting rate of different tea plant branch lengths. *** P≤0.001

Figure 6 Effects of different rooting powder concentrations and different treatment time on the rates of callus formation, root formation and mortality Short branches were cultured in sponge culture matrix, after treated with 3 concentrations (1.25, 2.5 and 5 g∙L-1) of rooting powders, for 0, 6, 12 and 48 h, respectively. The rate of callus formation (A)-(C), root formation (D)-(F) and mortality (G)-(I) of tea plants were counted and calculated after 1 month. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P≤0.05).

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