植物器官脱落调控因素及分子机理研究进展

doi:10.11983/CBB24133

植物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (3): 472-482.DOI: 10.11983/CBB24133 cstr: 32102.14.CBB24133

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植物器官脱落调控因素及分子机理研究进展

刘旭鹏, 王敏, 韩守安, 朱学慧, 王艳蒙, 潘明启, 张雯^*()

新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所, 农业农村部新疆地区果树科学观测试验站, 新疆特色果蔬基因组研究与遗传改良重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2024-08-30 接受日期:2025-01-20 出版日期:2025-05-10 发布日期:2025-01-21
通讯作者: *张雯, 博士, 研究员, 国家葡萄产业技术体系果实品质调控岗位科学家。现任新疆园艺学会理事, 新疆农业大学及石河子大学硕士生导师, 西北农林科技大学校外合作导师。其研究团队主要围绕葡萄品质形成机理和调控技术开展研究与示范推广工作, 经多年攻关, 确定了葡萄裂果、落粒、色泽、酚含量以及香气等重要品质的关键影响因子, 开发了配套调控技术; 构建了西北产区葡萄顺沟倾斜龙干树形及配套机械化出埋土技术、制干葡萄高架少蔓龙干树形改造技术和优质快速制干技术等多项综合技术, 并在我国最大的葡萄产区新疆推广应用, 提高了优质果率, 有效促进了标准化栽培, 显著降低了生产成本。主持国家级和省部级科研项目10余项。发表论文58篇。授权发明和实用新型专利23项。制定地方标准19项。获自治区科技进步二等奖2项, 地州科技进步二等奖和三等奖各1项。E-mail: zwxilin@126.com
基金资助:
新疆农业科学院科技创新稳定支持项目(XJNKYWDZC-2024003-10);现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-29-ZP-08);天山英才青年拔尖人才项目(2023TSYCCX0022);天山英才青年拔尖人才项目(2022TSYCCX0068);乌鲁木齐北疆葡萄种质资源与果园生态新疆野外观测研究站(XJYWZ2307)

Research Progress on Factors and Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Plant Organ Abscission

Liu Xupeng, Wang Min, Han Shou'an, Zhu Xuehui, Wang Yanmeng, Pan Mingqi, Zhang Wen^*()

Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Pomology (Xinjiang), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2024-08-30 Accepted:2025-01-20 Online:2025-05-10 Published:2025-01-21
Contact: *E-mail: zwxilin@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植物器官脱落是植物体的器官部分从母体脱离的现象, 是植物在生长发育和响应环境变化过程中进化出的一种适应性策略, 以确保植物正常生长和适应环境。该过程涉及离层区形成、特定信号激活以及细胞分离, 同时还受自身生理进程以及光照、温度和湿度等外部环境因素的显著调节。在农业生产实践中, 植物器官脱落直接影响作物的产量。研究植物器官脱落的调控机理对于进一步提高作物产量具有重要意义。近年来, 关于器官脱落机理的研究取得了显著进展。研究表明, 植物器官在脱落机制上具有保守性, 但不同物种间也表现出显著差异。该文深入探讨了植物器官脱落的生理生化机制, 分析了不同环境因素以及激素和酶对其的影响, 旨在为作物遗传育种和农业生产提供理论支撑和实践指导。

关键词: 器官脱落, 离层区, 分子机理, 酶, 植物激素

Abstract: The organs abscission is a phenomenon in which parts of organs are separated from the body. It is an adaptive strategy evolved by plants in the process of growth and response to environmental changes, which ensures the normal growth and adaptation of plants to the environment. This process involves the abscission zone formation, signal activation, cell separation, and is regulated by both internal (in vivo) physiological processes and external environmental factors including light, temperature, and humidity. In agricultural production, the abscission of plant organs directly affects crop yield. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of plant organ abscission is greatly important for improving crop yield. In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in the study of organ abscission mechanisms. The studies showed that the mechanisms of organ abscission in plants are largely conservative between species, but also with significant variations. This review delved into the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of plant organ abscission, and summarized the effects of both the environmental factors and the hormones and enzymes in the process. The review provides a solid theoretical support and practical guidance for crop genetic breeding and agricultural production improvement in connection with organ abscission.

Key words: organ abscission, abscission zone, molecular mechanism, enzyme, phytohormone

刘旭鹏, 王敏, 韩守安, 朱学慧, 王艳蒙, 潘明启, 张雯. 植物器官脱落调控因素及分子机理研究进展. 植物学报, 2025, 60(3): 472-482.

Liu Xupeng, Wang Min, Han Shou'an, Zhu Xuehui, Wang Yanmeng, Pan Mingqi, Zhang Wen. Research Progress on Factors and Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Plant Organ Abscission. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2025, 60(3): 472-482.

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基因名称
qSH1	Os01g0848400	BEL1型同源异型蛋白	1	Konishi et al., 2006
OsSh1	Os03g0650000	YABBY转录因子	3	Lin et al., 2012
ObSH3	OBART03G27740	YABBY转录因子	3	Lv et al., 2018
Sh4/SHA1	Os04g0670900	Myb3转录因子	4	Li et al., 2006; Lin et al., 2007
SHAT1	Os04g0649100	AP2转录因子	4	Zhou et al., 2012
SH5	Os05g0455200	BEL1型同源异型蛋白	5	Yoon et al., 2014
Sh-h/OsCPL1	Os07g0207700	CTD磷酸化酶	7	Ji et al., 2010
OsGRF4/PT2	Os02g0701300	生长调控因子	2	Sun et al., 2016
OsNPC1	Os03g0826600	磷酸酯酶C1	3	Cao et al., 2016
GL4	ORGLA04G0254300	Myb3转录因子	4	Wu et al., 2017
OsLG1	Os04g0656500	SQUAMOSA启动子结合蛋白	4	Lee et al., 2007; Ishii et al., 2013
SSH1	Os07g0235800	AP2转录因子	7	Jiang et al., 2019

基因名称
qSH1	Os01g0848400	BEL1型同源异型蛋白	1	Konishi et al., 2006
OsSh1	Os03g0650000	YABBY转录因子	3	Lin et al., 2012
ObSH3	OBART03G27740	YABBY转录因子	3	Lv et al., 2018
Sh4/SHA1	Os04g0670900	Myb3转录因子	4	Li et al., 2006; Lin et al., 2007
SHAT1	Os04g0649100	AP2转录因子	4	Zhou et al., 2012
SH5	Os05g0455200	BEL1型同源异型蛋白	5	Yoon et al., 2014
Sh-h/OsCPL1	Os07g0207700	CTD磷酸化酶	7	Ji et al., 2010
OsGRF4/PT2	Os02g0701300	生长调控因子	2	Sun et al., 2016
OsNPC1	Os03g0826600	磷酸酯酶C1	3	Cao et al., 2016
GL4	ORGLA04G0254300	Myb3转录因子	4	Wu et al., 2017
OsLG1	Os04g0656500	SQUAMOSA启动子结合蛋白	4	Lee et al., 2007; Ishii et al., 2013
SSH1	Os07g0235800	AP2转录因子	7	Jiang et al., 2019

植物器官脱落调控因素及分子机理研究进展

Research Progress on Factors and Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Plant Organ Abscission

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