植物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 201-217.DOI: 10.11983/CBB20159

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植物细胞自噬基因的功能与转录调控机制

李喜豹, 赖敏怡, 梁山, 王小菁, 高彩吉, 杨超()   

  1. 华南师范大学生命科学学院, 广东省植物发育生物工程重点实验室, 广州 510631
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-29 接受日期:2020-12-25 出版日期:2021-03-01 发布日期:2021-03-17
  • 通讯作者: 杨超
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: 798916640@qq.com
    第一联系人:† 共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金(2018A030310505);亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLCUSA- b201812)

Function and Transcriptional Regulation of Autophagy-related Genes in Plants

Xibao Li, Minyi Lai, Shan Liang, Xiaojing Wang, Caiji Gao, Chao Yang()   

  1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
  • Received:2020-09-29 Accepted:2020-12-25 Online:2021-03-01 Published:2021-03-17
  • Contact: Chao Yang
  • About author:First author contact:† These authors contributed equally to this paper

摘要: 自噬(autophagy)是真核生物长期进化形成的一种高度保守的细胞内物质降解和周转途径, 通过形成双层膜结构的自噬体将包裹其中的待降解大分子物质, 如受损伤的蛋白质、蛋白质复合物和细胞器, 运送至液泡或溶酶体进行降解并产生可循环利用的降解产物。细胞自噬在植物生长发育和环境应答等过程中发挥重要作用。在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)和水稻(Oryza sativa)等模式植物中已鉴定到40多个自噬基因, 并发现其中多个基因在植物叶片衰老、种子成熟等发育阶段以及营养饥饿、干旱和病原菌侵染等逆境胁迫响应过程中显著上调表达, 但具体的转录激活或抑制机制有待阐明。该文综述了自噬基因在植物生长发育和胁迫应答过程中的功能与转录调控网络。

关键词: 植物细胞自噬, ATG基因, 转录调控, 胁迫应答, 生长发育

Abstract: Macroautophagy (hereafter termed autophagy) is an evolutionarily conserved cellular degradation and recyc- ling pathway in eukaryotes. In this pathway, cellular substances, such as dysfunctional proteins and damaged organelles, are sequestered by a double-membrane structure, autophagosome, and eventually delivered to the lysosomes or vacuoles for degradation and recycling. Autophagy plays essential roles in plant growth and development, as well as in response to environmental stresses. Up to now, more than 40 autophagy-related (ATG) genes have been identified in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. It is well established that a large number of ATG genes are up-regulated during specific developmental stages such as leaf senescence and seed maturation, as well as when plants encounter adverse environmental conditions, for example, nutrient starvation, drought or pathogens infection and so on. However, the transcriptional activation or repression mechanisms of ATG genes during these biological processes are largely unknown and need further study. In this review, we summarized the roles and the well-established transcriptional regulation network of ATG genes during plant growth, development and stress responses.

Key words: plant autophagy, ATG gene, transcriptional regulation, stress response, growth and development