木葡聚糖及其在植物抗逆过程中的功能研究进展

doi:10.11983/CBB20020

植物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (6): 777-787.DOI: 10.11983/CBB20020

木葡聚糖及其在植物抗逆过程中的功能研究进展

肖银燕, 袁伟娜, 刘静, 孟建, 盛奇明, 谭烨欢, 徐春香^*

华南农业大学园艺学院, 广州 510642

收稿日期:2020-02-10 接受日期:2020-05-08 出版日期:2020-11-01 发布日期:2020-11-11
通讯作者: 徐春香
作者简介:*E-mail: chxxu@scau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000300);现代种业重大科技专项(2018B02020-2005);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设专项(2019KJ109)

Xyloglucan and the Advances in Its Roles in Plant Tolerance to Stresses

Yingyan Xiao, Weina Yuan, Jing Liu, Jian Meng, Qiming Sheng, Yehuan Tan, Chunxiang Xu^*

College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received:2020-02-10 Accepted:2020-05-08 Online:2020-11-01 Published:2020-11-11
Contact: Chunxiang Xu
About author:First author contact:
^† These authors contributed equally to this paper

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

木葡聚糖(XyG)是一种存在于所有陆生植物细胞壁中的基质多糖, 是双子叶植物初生细胞壁中含量(20%-25%, w/w)最丰富的半纤维素成分。作为细胞壁的组分, XyG不仅与植物的生长发育密切相关, 还在植物抵抗各种生物和非生物逆境过程中发挥重要作用。XyG代谢相关基因主要通过改变植物细胞壁的组成以及对细胞壁进行重排进而改变细胞壁的弹性/硬度等特性, 影响植物的抗逆性。XyG及其寡糖也可能作为信号分子, 或与其它信号分子协同作用应对逆境胁迫。该文概述了XyG的结构与类型及参与XyG生物合成与降解的相关基因, 重点阐述XyG相关基因应答生物和非生物胁迫的作用机制。

关键词: 半纤维素, 木葡聚糖代谢, 生物胁迫, 非生物胁迫, 抗性

Abstract:

Xyloglucan (XyG) is a matrix polysaccharide present in the cell wall of all land plants. It is the most abundant hemicellulose in the primary cell walls of dicots (20%-25%, w/w). As a very important plant cell wall component, XyG is not only involved in plant growth and development, but also plays important roles in responses of plants to various abiotic and biotic stresses. The use of genes involved in XyG biosynthesis and degradation possibly improve the tolerance of plants to stresses through influencing the cell wall structure (remodelling) and compositions. In addition, XyG and XyG oligosaccharides likely act as signaling molecules or cooperate with other signaling molecules to induce plant resistance. Here, we review the structure and variety of XyG, the genes involved in XyG biosynthesis and degradation, and advances in potential roles of XyG and XyG-related genes in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.

Key words: hemicellulose, xyloglucan metabolism, biotic stress, abiotic stress, resistance

肖银燕, 袁伟娜, 刘静, 孟建, 盛奇明, 谭烨欢, 徐春香. 木葡聚糖及其在植物抗逆过程中的功能研究进展. 植物学报, 2020, 55(6): 777-787.

Yingyan Xiao, Weina Yuan, Jing Liu, Jian Meng, Qiming Sheng, Yehuan Tan, Chunxiang Xu. Xyloglucan and the Advances in Its Roles in Plant Tolerance to Stresses. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2020, 55(6): 777-787.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB20020

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2020/V55/I6/777

图/表 1

图1 XLFG型和XXGG型木葡聚糖(XyG)的生物合成与降解示意图木葡聚糖生物合成酶有FUT (XyG特异岩藻糖基转移酶)、GS (β-1,4-葡聚糖合成酶)、MUR/XLT (XyG特异半乳糖基转移酶)、AXY4L/TBL22和AXY4/TBL27 (XyG特异乙酰基转移酶)、XXT (XyG特异木糖基转移酶)以及XYBAT (XyG葡聚糖骨架乙酰转移酶)。XyG降解酶类有AE (乙酰酯酶)、BGAL (β-半乳糖苷酶)、FUC (α-岩藻糖苷酶)、XTH (XyG内转糖苷酶/水解酶)和XYL (α-木糖苷酶)。图下方为根据XyG命名法获得的相应单字母代码。G: XyG主链葡萄糖残基未连接其它任何糖残基或非糖基团; G: XyG主链葡萄糖残基发生乙酰化; X: XyG主链葡萄糖残基O-6位连接木糖基团; L: X型基团的木糖残基O-2位连接半乳糖基团; F: L型基团的半乳糖残基O-2位连接岩藻糖基团, 且半乳糖残基发生乙酰化。

Figure 1 Schematic of the biosynthesis and degradation of XLFG-type and XXGG-type xyloglucan (XyG) Enzymes involved in XyG biosynthesis are FUT (XyG: fucosyltransferase), GS (β-1,4-glucan synthase), MUR/XLT (XyG: galactosyltransferase), AXY4L/TBL22 and AXY4/TBL27 (XyG: acetyltransferases), XXT (XyG: xylosyltransferase), and XYBAT (XyG backbone acetyltransferase). Enzymes involved in XyG degradation are AE (acetylesterases), BGAL (β-galactosidase), FUC (α-fucosidase), XTH (XyG endotransglycosylase/hydrolases), and XYL (α-xylosidase). The corresponding one-letter codes from the XyG nomenclature have shown below the pictograms. G: Unsubstituted glucosyl residue of the backbone glucose of XyG; G: Backbone glucose of XyG carries an O-acetyl substituent; X: Xylosyl residue is attached to the glucan backbone of XyG at O-6; L: Galactosyl residue is attached to the xylosyl residue of X group at O-2; F: Fucosyl residue is attached to the galactosyl residue of L group at O-2, and galactosyl residue carries an O-acetyl substituent.

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木葡聚糖及其在植物抗逆过程中的功能研究进展

Xyloglucan and the Advances in Its Roles in Plant Tolerance to Stresses

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