水稻穗粒数遗传机制与育种利用

doi:10.11983/CBB23012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作为影响产量的关键因素之一, 水稻(Oryza sativa)每穗粒数始终备受育种家关注。穗粒数形成是复杂的生物学过程, 受多基因调控。根据对表型的影响, 这些基因大致包括枝梗数、穗型和小穗确定性相关基因3类。该文综述了穗粒数相关基因的遗传调控机制, 并提出在水稻育种中利用的策略, 以期为水稻高产育种提供理论依据。

关键词: 水稻, 产量, 穗粒数, 遗传机制, 育种

Abstract: As one of the key factors affecting rice yield, the grain number per panicle has always attracted the attention of breeders. The formation of grain number per panicle is a complex biological process, which is regulated by many genes. According to their impact on phenotype, we roughly divide these genes into three categories: related to the number of branches, related to panicle type and related to spikelet determination. In this paper, we summarized the genetic regulation mechanisms of the grain number per panicle-related genes, and put forth the strategies for their use in high yield breeding of rice.

Key words: rice, yield, grain number per panicle, genetic mechanism, breeding

严语萍, 俞晓琦, 任德勇, 钱前. 水稻穗粒数遗传机制与育种利用. 植物学报, 2023, 58(3): 359-372.

Yuping Yan, Xiaoqi Yu, Deyong Ren, Qian Qian. Genetic Mechanisms and Breeding Utilization of Grain Number Per Panicle in Rice. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(3): 359-372.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB23012

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2023/V58/I3/359

图/表 4

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基因名称	基因ID		蛋白类型	对穗粒数的正调控(+)/ 负调控(-)	参考文献
基因名称	MSU_Locus	RAP_Locus	蛋白类型	对穗粒数的正调控(+)/ 负调控(-)	参考文献
枝梗数
Gn1a/OsCKX2	LOC_Os01g10110	Os01g0197700	细胞分裂素氧化酶/脱氢酶	-	Ashikari et al., 2005
IPI1	LOC_Os01g24880	Os01g0350900	环指E3连接酶	-	Wang et al., 2017a
LOG	LOC_Os01g40630	Os01g0588900	细胞分裂素激活酶/磷酸核糖水解酶	+	Kurakawa et al., 2007
RGN1	LOC_Os01g49160	Os01g0685400	R2R3型MYB转录因子	+	Li et al., 2022
NOG1	LOC_Os01g54860	Os01g0752200	烯酰辅酶A水合酶/异构酶	+	Huo et al., 2017
LAX1	LOC_Os01g61480	Os01g0831000	bHLH转录因子	+	Komatsu et al., 2003a
OsGRF10	LOC_Os02g45570	Os02g0678800	生长调节因子	+	Liu et al., 2014
OsH1/Oskn1	LOC_Os03g51690	Os03g0727000	同源异型盒基因	+	Tsuda et al., 2011
OsGRF6	LOC_Os03g51970	Os03g0729500	生长调节因子	+	Liu et al., 2014
DST	LOC_Os03g57240	Os03g0786400	锌指转录因子	-	Li et al., 2013
OsGA20ox/GNP1	LOC_Os03g63970	Os03g0856700	GA20氧化酶	+	Wu et al., 2016
LAX2/GNP4	LOC_Os04g32510	Os04g0396500	核定位蛋白	+	Zhang et al., 2018
OsNAC2	LOC_Os04g38720	Os04g0460600	NAC转录因子	+	Jiang et al., 2018
OsSPL7	LOC_Os04g46580	Os04g0551500	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	-	Dai et al., 2018
NAL1/qFLW4/LSCHL4	LOC_Os04g52479	Os04g0615000	丝氨酸/半胱氨酸蛋白酶	+	Zhang et al., 2014
MOC3/OsWUS	LOC_Os04g56780	Os04g0663600	WUSCHEL蛋白	-	Mjomba et al., 2016
GSN1/OsMKP1	LOC_Os05g02500	Os05g0115800	丝裂原活化蛋白激酶磷酸酶	+	Guo et al., 2018
OsER1/OsERECTA	LOC_Os06g10230	Os06g0203800	类受体蛋白激酶	-	Guo et al., 2020
OsMFT1	LOC_Os06g30370	Os06g0498800	PEBP家族蛋白	+	Song et al., 2018
MOC1/GNP6	LOC_Os06g40780	Os06g0610350	GRAS家族蛋白	+	Zhang et al., 2021
FON1	LOC_Os06g50340	Os06g0717200	富亮氨酸重复类受体蛋白激酶	-	Suzaki et al., 2004
GLW7/OsSPL13	LOC_Os07g32170	Os07g0505200	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	+	Si et al., 2016
FZP/SGDP7/BFL1	LOC_Os07g47330	Os07g0669500	ERF转录因子	-	Bai et al., 2017
IPA1/OsSPL14	LOC_Os08g39890	Os08g0509600	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	-	Jiao et al., 2010
OsOTUB1/WTG1	LOC_Os08g42540	Os08g0537800	具有去泛素化酶活性的otubain样蛋白酶	-	Wang et al., 2017b
DEP1/DN1	LOC_Os09g26999	Os09g0441900	异三聚体G蛋白γ亚基	+	Huang et al., 2009
OsSPL17	LOC_Os09g31438	Os09g0491532	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	-	Wang et al., 2015
OsSPL18	LOC_Os09g32944	Os09g0507100	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	+	Yuan et al., 2019
OsSHI1	LOC_Os09g36160	Os09g0531600	SHI家族转录因子	-	Duan et al., 2019
TAW1	LOC_Os10g33780	Os10g0478000	ALOG家族蛋白	+	Yoshida et al., 2013
FON2/FON4	LOC_Os11g38270	Os11g0595400	含有CLE结构域的分泌蛋白	-	Chu et al., 2006
OsPID/OsPINOID	LOC_Os12g42020	Os12g0614600	含有激酶结构域蛋白	+	He et al., 2019
穗型
EP3/LP	LOC_Os02g15950	Os02g0260200	F-box蛋白	-	Piao et al., 2009
PAP2/OsMADS34	LOC_Os03g54170	Os03g0753100	MADS盒转录因子	+	Kobayashi et al., 2010
SP3	LOC_Os03g55610	Os03g0764900	Dof转录因子	+	Huang et al., 2019
RCN4	LOC_Os04g33570	Os04g0411400	TFL1/CEN同源蛋白	+	Zhu et al., 2022
APO2/RFL	LOC_Os04g51000	Os04g0598300	拟南芥RFL同源蛋白	+	Ikeda-Kawakatsu et al., 2012
OsMADS5	LOC_Os06g06750	Os06g0162800	MADS盒转录因子	-	Zhu et al., 2022
Sped1-D	LOC_Os06g39650	Os06g0597500	三角状五肽重复蛋白	+	Jiang et al., 2014
APO1/SCM2	LOC_Os06g45460	Os06g0665400	F-box蛋白	+	Ikeda et al., 2007
DEP3	LOC_Os06g46350	Os06g0677000	糖蛋白相关磷脂酶A	-	Qiao et al., 2011
EP2/DEP2/SRS1	LOC_Os07g42410	Os07g0616000	转录调控因子	+	Zhu et al., 2010
OsREL2/ASP1/OsT- PR2	LOC_Os08g06480	Os08g0162100	TOPLESS相关蛋白	-	Kwon et al., 2012
SP1	LOC_Os11g12740	Os11g0235200	多肽转运蛋白	+	Li et al., 2009b
小穗确定性
EG1/DF1/GY1	LOC_Os01g67430	Os01g0900400	磷脂酶A1	-	Li et al., 2009a
LF1/OsHB1	LOC_Os03g01890	Os03g0109400	III类同源域亮氨酸拉链蛋白	-	Zhang et al., 2017
OsIDS1	LOC_Os03g60430	Os03g0818800	AP2/ERF转录因子	-	Lee et al., 2007
MOF1/MFS2	LOC_Os04g47890	Os04g0566600	MYB转录因子	-	Ren et al., 2020
MFS1	LOC_Os05g41760	Os05g0497200	AP2/ERF转录因子	-	Ren et al., 2013
G1/ELE	LOC_Os07g04670	Os07g0139300	DUF640结构域蛋白	-	Yoshida et al., 2009
OsSNB/SSH1	LOC_Os07g13170	Os07g0235800	AP2转录因子	-	Lee and An, 2012

基因名称	基因ID		蛋白类型	对穗粒数的正调控(+)/ 负调控(-)	参考文献
基因名称	MSU_Locus	RAP_Locus	蛋白类型	对穗粒数的正调控(+)/ 负调控(-)	参考文献
枝梗数
Gn1a/OsCKX2	LOC_Os01g10110	Os01g0197700	细胞分裂素氧化酶/脱氢酶	-	Ashikari et al., 2005
IPI1	LOC_Os01g24880	Os01g0350900	环指E3连接酶	-	Wang et al., 2017a
LOG	LOC_Os01g40630	Os01g0588900	细胞分裂素激活酶/磷酸核糖水解酶	+	Kurakawa et al., 2007
RGN1	LOC_Os01g49160	Os01g0685400	R2R3型MYB转录因子	+	Li et al., 2022
NOG1	LOC_Os01g54860	Os01g0752200	烯酰辅酶A水合酶/异构酶	+	Huo et al., 2017
LAX1	LOC_Os01g61480	Os01g0831000	bHLH转录因子	+	Komatsu et al., 2003a
OsGRF10	LOC_Os02g45570	Os02g0678800	生长调节因子	+	Liu et al., 2014
OsH1/Oskn1	LOC_Os03g51690	Os03g0727000	同源异型盒基因	+	Tsuda et al., 2011
OsGRF6	LOC_Os03g51970	Os03g0729500	生长调节因子	+	Liu et al., 2014
DST	LOC_Os03g57240	Os03g0786400	锌指转录因子	-	Li et al., 2013
OsGA20ox/GNP1	LOC_Os03g63970	Os03g0856700	GA20氧化酶	+	Wu et al., 2016
LAX2/GNP4	LOC_Os04g32510	Os04g0396500	核定位蛋白	+	Zhang et al., 2018
OsNAC2	LOC_Os04g38720	Os04g0460600	NAC转录因子	+	Jiang et al., 2018
OsSPL7	LOC_Os04g46580	Os04g0551500	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	-	Dai et al., 2018
NAL1/qFLW4/LSCHL4	LOC_Os04g52479	Os04g0615000	丝氨酸/半胱氨酸蛋白酶	+	Zhang et al., 2014
MOC3/OsWUS	LOC_Os04g56780	Os04g0663600	WUSCHEL蛋白	-	Mjomba et al., 2016
GSN1/OsMKP1	LOC_Os05g02500	Os05g0115800	丝裂原活化蛋白激酶磷酸酶	+	Guo et al., 2018
OsER1/OsERECTA	LOC_Os06g10230	Os06g0203800	类受体蛋白激酶	-	Guo et al., 2020
OsMFT1	LOC_Os06g30370	Os06g0498800	PEBP家族蛋白	+	Song et al., 2018
MOC1/GNP6	LOC_Os06g40780	Os06g0610350	GRAS家族蛋白	+	Zhang et al., 2021
FON1	LOC_Os06g50340	Os06g0717200	富亮氨酸重复类受体蛋白激酶	-	Suzaki et al., 2004
GLW7/OsSPL13	LOC_Os07g32170	Os07g0505200	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	+	Si et al., 2016
FZP/SGDP7/BFL1	LOC_Os07g47330	Os07g0669500	ERF转录因子	-	Bai et al., 2017
IPA1/OsSPL14	LOC_Os08g39890	Os08g0509600	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	-	Jiao et al., 2010
OsOTUB1/WTG1	LOC_Os08g42540	Os08g0537800	具有去泛素化酶活性的otubain样蛋白酶	-	Wang et al., 2017b
DEP1/DN1	LOC_Os09g26999	Os09g0441900	异三聚体G蛋白γ亚基	+	Huang et al., 2009
OsSPL17	LOC_Os09g31438	Os09g0491532	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	-	Wang et al., 2015
OsSPL18	LOC_Os09g32944	Os09g0507100	Squamosa启动子结合蛋白	+	Yuan et al., 2019
OsSHI1	LOC_Os09g36160	Os09g0531600	SHI家族转录因子	-	Duan et al., 2019
TAW1	LOC_Os10g33780	Os10g0478000	ALOG家族蛋白	+	Yoshida et al., 2013
FON2/FON4	LOC_Os11g38270	Os11g0595400	含有CLE结构域的分泌蛋白	-	Chu et al., 2006
OsPID/OsPINOID	LOC_Os12g42020	Os12g0614600	含有激酶结构域蛋白	+	He et al., 2019
穗型
EP3/LP	LOC_Os02g15950	Os02g0260200	F-box蛋白	-	Piao et al., 2009
PAP2/OsMADS34	LOC_Os03g54170	Os03g0753100	MADS盒转录因子	+	Kobayashi et al., 2010
SP3	LOC_Os03g55610	Os03g0764900	Dof转录因子	+	Huang et al., 2019
RCN4	LOC_Os04g33570	Os04g0411400	TFL1/CEN同源蛋白	+	Zhu et al., 2022
APO2/RFL	LOC_Os04g51000	Os04g0598300	拟南芥RFL同源蛋白	+	Ikeda-Kawakatsu et al., 2012
OsMADS5	LOC_Os06g06750	Os06g0162800	MADS盒转录因子	-	Zhu et al., 2022
Sped1-D	LOC_Os06g39650	Os06g0597500	三角状五肽重复蛋白	+	Jiang et al., 2014
APO1/SCM2	LOC_Os06g45460	Os06g0665400	F-box蛋白	+	Ikeda et al., 2007
DEP3	LOC_Os06g46350	Os06g0677000	糖蛋白相关磷脂酶A	-	Qiao et al., 2011
EP2/DEP2/SRS1	LOC_Os07g42410	Os07g0616000	转录调控因子	+	Zhu et al., 2010
OsREL2/ASP1/OsT- PR2	LOC_Os08g06480	Os08g0162100	TOPLESS相关蛋白	-	Kwon et al., 2012
SP1	LOC_Os11g12740	Os11g0235200	多肽转运蛋白	+	Li et al., 2009b
小穗确定性
EG1/DF1/GY1	LOC_Os01g67430	Os01g0900400	磷脂酶A1	-	Li et al., 2009a
LF1/OsHB1	LOC_Os03g01890	Os03g0109400	III类同源域亮氨酸拉链蛋白	-	Zhang et al., 2017
OsIDS1	LOC_Os03g60430	Os03g0818800	AP2/ERF转录因子	-	Lee et al., 2007
MOF1/MFS2	LOC_Os04g47890	Os04g0566600	MYB转录因子	-	Ren et al., 2020
MFS1	LOC_Os05g41760	Os05g0497200	AP2/ERF转录因子	-	Ren et al., 2013
G1/ELE	LOC_Os07g04670	Os07g0139300	DUF640结构域蛋白	-	Yoshida et al., 2009
OsSNB/SSH1	LOC_Os07g13170	Os07g0235800	AP2转录因子	-	Lee and An, 2012