植物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (4): 635-650.DOI: 10.11983/CBB23136  cstr: 32102.14.CBB23136

• 专题论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物生物钟在农业生产中应对全球变暖的应用

谢启光*(), 徐小冬*()   

  1. 河南大学生命科学学院, 作物胁迫适应与改良国家重点实验室, 开封 475004
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-07 接受日期:2024-03-05 出版日期:2024-07-10 发布日期:2024-07-10
  • 通讯作者: *谢启光/徐小冬, 河南大学生命科学学院教授、博士生导师、省部共建作物逆境适应与改良国家重点实验室/生物节律团队课题组长; 2002-2015年分别于美国Vanderbilt U和美国Dartmouth College从事时间生物学研究。团队研究方向为生物钟调控农艺性状的遗传学机理。研究成果在Science、Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America、Plant Cell、Plant, Cell & Environment、Theoretical and Applied Genetics、Journal of Integrative Plant Biology和Genetics等期刊发表, 共计50余篇; 先后发现植物生物钟TTFL的激活环路及揭示生物钟蛋白时序表达的动态调控机理, 2次更新植物生物钟分子机制模型, 入选Plant Cell (2020-2021年度) 15篇高影响力论文; 授权国家发明专利7项、授权国家农业农村部植物新品种1项。两位课题组长历任中国细胞生物学学会生物节律分会副会长、常务委员和学术委员。E-mail: qiguang.xie@henu.edu.cn; xiaodong.xu@henu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32170259);国家自然科学基金(32170275);国家自然科学基金(U1904202)

Plant Circadian Clock in Agricultural Production in Response to Global Warming

Qiguang Xie*(), Xiaodong Xu*()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
  • Received:2023-10-07 Accepted:2024-03-05 Online:2024-07-10 Published:2024-07-10
  • Contact: *E-mail: qiguang.xie@henu.edu.cn; xiaodong.xu@henu.edu.cn

摘要: 当前全球变暖趋势不可逆转, 异常气候导致的温度胁迫频繁发生, 给农业高产及稳产带来了巨大挑战。生物钟作为内源性且可遗传的计时机制, 赋予了植物预测和快速响应环境因子周期性变化的能力, 以确保诸多生理生化途径与环境同步, 极大增强了植物的生存和繁衍能力。温度响应和补偿现象不仅涉及生物钟与环境信号“同步化”, 而且涉及农业生产中作物适应温度胁迫的实际应用。生物钟温度补偿是指在较宽范围的生理温度内, 通过转录和转录后机制, 生物钟可基本维持近日节律周期的长度不变, 确保计时机制准确运行。自然环境中, 光照、温度和湿度紧密耦联, 作为授时因子将环境信号经过输入途径传递给生物钟核心振荡器, 影响植物生长发育的全过程。该文回顾了植物生物钟温度响应和补偿机制的研究历史, 详述了最新研究进展, 展望了其在作物遗传育种和田间管理等方面的应用前景, 为解决农作物温度胁迫适应性问题提供了全新的思路和方案。

关键词: 生物钟, 近日节律, 温度补偿, 温度胁迫, 遗传育种

Abstract: Global warming is now a major trend, in which temperature stress due to abnormal climate occurs frequently, posing a great challenge to the high-yield and stable agricultural production. The circadian clock, an endogenous, heritable timekeeping mechanism, endows plants with the ability to anticipate and respond rapidly to cyclic changes in external factors, which ensures that physiological and biochemical pathways are synchronized with the environment and greatly enhances plant’s ability to survive and reproduce. The temperature responses and temperature compensation are not only related to the key scientific issue of “synchronization” of the circadian clock with environmental signals, but also to the application of crop adaptation to temperature stress in agriculture. Temperature compensation refers to the fact that within a broad range of physiological temperatures, through transcriptional and post-transcriptional architecture, the clock can essentially maintain the circadian period length unchanged, ensuring that the timekeeping mechanism operates accurately. Light, temperature and humidity are closely coupled in the natural environment, and they act as timing factors, transmitting external cues to the core oscillators via the input pathway, which affects almost all processes of plant growth and development. In this review, we summarize the historical research of temperature response and compensation mechanism of plant circadian clocks, and describe the latest research progress, and also look forward to its application in crop genetic breeding and field management. We seek to provide new idea and solution to the problem of temperature stress adaptation in crops.

Key words: circadian clocks, circadian rhythms, temperature compensation, temperature stress, genetic breeding