水稻根系铁膜形成及对磷吸收的影响

doi:10.11983/CBB24001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水稻(Oryza sativa)是全球重要的粮食作物。合理施肥是保障水稻持续稳产的必要农艺措施。磷是水稻生长必需的营养元素之一, 主要通过水稻根系吸收。而水稻长期生长在淹水环境中, 其根系表层形成富含铁氧化物的胶膜, 并在水稻根际磷的迁移和转化过程中扮演关键角色。该文综述了生物和非生物因素对水稻铁膜形成和转化的影响, 探讨了铁膜对磷吸收及转运的影响, 并对后续研究提出建议, 旨在为阐明水稻根际铁磷互作机制提供理论依据。

关键词: 水稻, 土壤, 铁膜, 磷营养, 根际

Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa) is a globally important cereal crop, and the rational application of fertilizers is necessary agricultural practice to ensure its sustainable and stable yield. Phosphorus is one of the essential nutrients for rice, primarily absorbed through the rice roots. Since rice is mostly grown in flooded conditions, the root surface of rice generally forms iron plaques rich in iron oxides, which play a crucial role in the migration of inorganic phosphorus in the rhizosphere of rice. This paper reviews the impact of biotic and abiotic factors on the formation of iron plaques in rice and discusses the effect of iron plaques on the absorption and transport of phosphorus in plant nutrition. Furthermore, we discuss the prospects of future research on iron plaques, aiming to provide clues for our further understanding of the interactions between iron and phosphorus in the rhizosphere of rice.

Key words: rice, soil, iron plaque, phosphorus nutrition, rhizosphere

李建国, 张怡, 张文君. 水稻根系铁膜形成及对磷吸收的影响. 植物学报, 2025, 60(1): 132-143.

Jianguo Li, Yi Zhang, Wenjun Zhang. Iron Plaque Formation and Its Effects on Phosphorus Absorption in Rice Roots. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2025, 60(1): 132-143.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB24001

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2025/V60/I1/132

图/表 3

图1 水稻根表铁膜形貌及组分表征 (A), (B) 新鲜的水稻根部光学图像(Seyfferth et al., 2010); (C), (D) 水稻根横切面扫描电镜图(Tian et al., 2023); (E), (F) 水稻根部X-射线荧光(XRF)图像, (E)中红色方框及(F)中箭头均指示铁膜(Seyfferth et al., 2010); (G) X-射线断层扫描(XRT)图像(Seyfferth et al., 2010); (H) 铁膜形成过程及组分(Hansel et al., 2001)。(A) Bar=5 cm; (B) Bar=2 cm; (C) Bar=25 µm; (D) Bar=10 µm; (E) Bar=20 mm; (F) Bar=6 mm; (G) Bar= 200 µm

Figure 1 Morphology and component characterization of iron plaque on rice root surface (A), (B) Optical image of fresh rice root (Seyfferth et al., 2010); (C), (D) Scanning electron microscope image of rice root cross-section (Tian et al., 2023); (E), (F) X-ray fluorescence (XRF) images of rice roots, the red-outlined box in (E) and the arrows in (F) both represent iron plaques (Seyfferth et al., 2010); (G) X-ray tomography (XRT) images (Seyfferth et al., 2010); (H) Formation and composition of iron plaque (Hansel et al., 2001). (A) Bar=5 cm; (B) Bar=2 cm; (C) Bar=25 µm; (D) Bar=10 µm; (E) Bar= 20 mm; (F) Bar=6 mm; (G) Bar=200 µm

图2 水稻根际生物(微生物和根系分泌物等)及非生物(土壤pH和氧化还原电位(Eh)等)因素对根表铁膜形成的影响在根系泌氧(ROL)等因素的调控下, 根系附近铁(II)被氧化后在根表沉积形成铁(III)膜, 铁膜对根际磷(P)养分具有富集效应, 并随着根系分泌物或微生物对铁膜结合态磷的溶解效应, 磷素被释放出来以供水稻吸收利用。

Figure 2 Effects of biotic (microbial, root exudates, etc.) and abiotic (soil pH, Eh, etc.) factors on the formation of iron plaque on rice root surface Under the regulation of radial oxygen loss (ROL) and other factors, iron (II) near the root can be oxidized and deposited on the root surface to form iron (III) plaque. Iron plaque has an enriching effect on rhizosphere phosphorus (P) nutrition, and with the dissolution effect of the root exudates or microorganisms on iron plaque-bound phosphorus, phosphorus will be released for rice absorption and utilization.

图3 水稻根系磷吸收相关机制示意图水稻根系通过根表直接获取磷养分, 或通过铁膜及丛枝菌根等间接获取磷养分, 再通过转运蛋白吸收。

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of phosphorus absorption related mechanism in rice roots Rice roots acquire phosphorus nutrients directly through the root surface or indirectly through the iron plaque, and arbuscular mycorrhizae, and absorb them through transporters.

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