叶绿体硫氧还蛋白系统的调节机制

doi:10.11983/CBB18047

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 硫氧还蛋白(Trx)属于巯基-二硫键氧化还原酶家族, 通过作用于底物蛋白侧链2个半胱氨酸残基之间的二硫键(还原、异构和转移)来调控胞内蛋白的结构和功能。叶绿体Trx系统包括Trx及Trx类似蛋白、铁氧还蛋白(Fd)依赖的硫氧还蛋白还原酶(FTR)和还原型烟酰腺嘌呤二核苷磷酸(NADPH)依赖的硫氧还蛋白还原酶C (NTRC)。除了基质蛋白酶类活性变化及叶绿体蛋白的转运受Trx系统调控之外, 在叶绿体中还存在1条跨类囊体膜的还原势传递途径, 把基质Trx的还原势经跨膜转运蛋白介导, 最终传递给类囊体腔蛋白。FTR和NTRC共同作用维持叶绿体的氧化还原平衡。该文对叶绿体硫氧还蛋白系统的调节机制进行了综述, 同时讨论了叶绿体硫氧还蛋白系统对维持植物光合效率的重要意义。

关键词: 叶绿体, 二硫键, 光合效率, 氧化还原, 硫氧还蛋白

Abstract: Thioredoxins (Trx), a family of thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases, function as protein disulfide reductases to disulfide isomerases or to disulfide transferases to regulate the structure and function of intracellular proteins by modifying disulfide bonds between two cysteine residues in the side chain of the substrate proteins. The chloroplast Trx systems includes Trx and Trx-like proteins, ferredoxin (Fd)-dependent thioredoxin reductase (FTR) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent thioredoxin C (NADPH Trx reductase C, NTRC). In addition to regulating the activity of stromal enzymes and transportation of chloroplast proteins by the Trx system, the chloroplast contains a reduction potential transfer pathway across the thylakoid membrane. The reduction potential of the substrate Trx is mediated by the transmembrane transporter and finally to the thylakoid lumenal protein. FTR and NTRC coordinate to regulate chloroplast homeostasis. This paper summarizes the regulatory mechanism of the chloroplast thioredoxin system that highlights the significance of the chloroplast Trx system in maintaining photosynthetic efficiency in plants.

Key words: chloroplast, disulfide, photosynthetic efficiency, redox, thioredoxin

秦童,黄震,康振辉. 叶绿体硫氧还蛋白系统的调节机制. 植物学报, 2019, 54(1): 119-132.

Tong Qin,Zhen Huang,Zhenhui Kang. Regulatory Mechanism of Thioredoxin (Trx) in Chloroplasts. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2019, 54(1): 119-132.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB18047

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2019/V54/I1/119

图/表 2

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名称	登录号	氧化还原电位*	功能	参考文献
FTRA1	AT5G23440	-356 mV	还原酶	Balsera et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2014; Yoshida and Hisabori, 2017
FTRA2	AT5G08410	-356 mV	还原酶	Balsera et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2014; Yoshida and Hisabori, 2017
FTRB	AT2G04700	-356 mV	还原酶	Balsera et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2014; Yoshida and Hisabori, 2017
NTRC	AT2G41680	-330 mV	还原酶	Michalska et al., 2009; Chae et al., 2013; Bernal-Bayard et al., 2014; Puerto-Galán et al., 2015; Carrilloet al., 2016; Naranjo et al., 2016b; Pérez-Ruiz et al., 2017
Trx f1	AT3G02730	-321 mV (pH7.5)	调节FBPase和ATP合酶(CF 1 γ亚基)活性, 氧化胁迫	Hisabori et al., 2013; Yoshida et al., 2015
Trx f2	AT5G16400	-321 mV (pH7.5)	调节FBPase和ATP合酶(CF 1 γ亚基)活性, 氧化胁迫	Hisabori et al., 2013; Yoshida et al., 2015
Trx m1	AT1G03680	-335 mV (pH7.5)	调节Calvin-Benson循环酶活性	Okegawa and Motohashi, 2015
Trx m2	AT4G03520	-335 mV (pH7.5)	调节Calvin-Benson循环酶活性	Okegawa and Motohashi, 2015
Trx m3	AT2G15570	-316 mV (pH7.5)	胞内蛋白运输和分生组织维持	Benitez-Alfonso et al., 2009
Trx m4	AT3G15360	-312 mV (pH7.5)	调节Calvin-Benson循环酶活性, 环形电子传递	Okegawa and Motohashi, 2015
Trx y1	AT1G76760	-296 mV (pH7.5)	胁迫响应	Okegawa and Motohashi, 2015
Trx y2	AT1G43560	-295 mV (pH7.5)	硫代谢	Laugier et al., 2013
Trx x	AT1G50320	-310 mV (pH7.5)	胁迫响应	Bernal-Bayard et al., 2014
Trx z	AT3G06730	-276 mV (pH7.5)	质体转录胁迫应激	Arsova et al., 2010; Chibani et al., 2011; Díaz et al., 2018
HCF164	At4G37200	-224 mV ^**	Cyt b₆f复合体装配	Motohashi and Hisabori, 2010
LTO1	AT4G35760	-180 mV ^***	蛋白折叠	Wang et al., 2011; Karamoko et al., 2011, 2013
SOQ1	At1G56500	未知	光抑制淬灭	Brooks et al., 2013
CDSP32	AT1G76080	-337 mV (pH7.9)	调节MSRB1的活性	Tarrago et al., 2010
AtACHT1 (Lilium 5)	AT4G26160	-237 mV	抗氧化	Dangoor et al., 2009, 2012
AtACHT2a (Lilium 2)	AT4G29670.1	-239 mV	未知	Dangoor et al., 2009
AtACHT2b (Lilium 2)	AT4G29670.2	未知	未知	Dangoor et al., 2009
AtACHT3 (Lilium 4)	AT2G33270	未知	未知	Dangoor et al., 2009
AtACHT4a (Lilium 1)	AT1G08570.1	-240 mV	淀粉合成	Dangoor et al., 2009; Eliyahu et al., 2015
AtACHT4b (Lilium 1)	AT1G08570.2	未知	淀粉合成	Dangoor et al., 2009; Eliyahu et al., 2015
AtACHT5 (Lilium 3)	AT5G61440	未知	未知	Dangoor et al., 2009
WCRKC1	AT5G06690	未知	冷胁迫	Chibani et al., 2011
WCRKC2	AT5G04260	未知	冷胁迫	Chibani et al., 2011

名称	登录号	氧化还原电位*	功能	参考文献
FTRA1	AT5G23440	-356 mV	还原酶	Balsera et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2014; Yoshida and Hisabori, 2017
FTRA2	AT5G08410	-356 mV	还原酶	Balsera et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2014; Yoshida and Hisabori, 2017
FTRB	AT2G04700	-356 mV	还原酶	Balsera et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2014; Yoshida and Hisabori, 2017
NTRC	AT2G41680	-330 mV	还原酶	Michalska et al., 2009; Chae et al., 2013; Bernal-Bayard et al., 2014; Puerto-Galán et al., 2015; Carrilloet al., 2016; Naranjo et al., 2016b; Pérez-Ruiz et al., 2017
Trx f1	AT3G02730	-321 mV (pH7.5)	调节FBPase和ATP合酶(CF 1 γ亚基)活性, 氧化胁迫	Hisabori et al., 2013; Yoshida et al., 2015
Trx f2	AT5G16400	-321 mV (pH7.5)	调节FBPase和ATP合酶(CF 1 γ亚基)活性, 氧化胁迫	Hisabori et al., 2013; Yoshida et al., 2015
Trx m1	AT1G03680	-335 mV (pH7.5)	调节Calvin-Benson循环酶活性	Okegawa and Motohashi, 2015
Trx m2	AT4G03520	-335 mV (pH7.5)	调节Calvin-Benson循环酶活性	Okegawa and Motohashi, 2015
Trx m3	AT2G15570	-316 mV (pH7.5)	胞内蛋白运输和分生组织维持	Benitez-Alfonso et al., 2009
Trx m4	AT3G15360	-312 mV (pH7.5)	调节Calvin-Benson循环酶活性, 环形电子传递	Okegawa and Motohashi, 2015
Trx y1	AT1G76760	-296 mV (pH7.5)	胁迫响应	Okegawa and Motohashi, 2015
Trx y2	AT1G43560	-295 mV (pH7.5)	硫代谢	Laugier et al., 2013
Trx x	AT1G50320	-310 mV (pH7.5)	胁迫响应	Bernal-Bayard et al., 2014
Trx z	AT3G06730	-276 mV (pH7.5)	质体转录胁迫应激	Arsova et al., 2010; Chibani et al., 2011; Díaz et al., 2018
HCF164	At4G37200	-224 mV ^**	Cyt b₆f复合体装配	Motohashi and Hisabori, 2010
LTO1	AT4G35760	-180 mV ^***	蛋白折叠	Wang et al., 2011; Karamoko et al., 2011, 2013
SOQ1	At1G56500	未知	光抑制淬灭	Brooks et al., 2013
CDSP32	AT1G76080	-337 mV (pH7.9)	调节MSRB1的活性	Tarrago et al., 2010
AtACHT1 (Lilium 5)	AT4G26160	-237 mV	抗氧化	Dangoor et al., 2009, 2012
AtACHT2a (Lilium 2)	AT4G29670.1	-239 mV	未知	Dangoor et al., 2009
AtACHT2b (Lilium 2)	AT4G29670.2	未知	未知	Dangoor et al., 2009
AtACHT3 (Lilium 4)	AT2G33270	未知	未知	Dangoor et al., 2009
AtACHT4a (Lilium 1)	AT1G08570.1	-240 mV	淀粉合成	Dangoor et al., 2009; Eliyahu et al., 2015
AtACHT4b (Lilium 1)	AT1G08570.2	未知	淀粉合成	Dangoor et al., 2009; Eliyahu et al., 2015
AtACHT5 (Lilium 3)	AT5G61440	未知	未知	Dangoor et al., 2009
WCRKC1	AT5G06690	未知	冷胁迫	Chibani et al., 2011
WCRKC2	AT5G04260	未知	冷胁迫	Chibani et al., 2011

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