Figure 1 Phylogenetic trees of D27s genes in different crops The phylogenetic tree was constructed by using amino acid sequences of D27 proteins from 8 crop species, and the neighbor-joining method.

Figure 2 Tertiary structure of D27s in different species The tertiary structure of D27s in Arabidopsis thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon, Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa, Setaria italica, Se. viridis, Sorghum bicolor and Zea mays are visualized according to the phylogenetic tree. Class1, Class2 and Class3 correspond to the first, second and third clades of the phylogenetic tree, respectively.

Figure 3 A gene structures of D27s genes and conserved motifs in the D27s (A) Analysis of D27s gene structure and D27 protein conserved domains (based on evolutionary tree (left), 25 D27s genes were analyzed for gene structure (middle) and protein conserved domains (right); horizontal lines in the middle represent introns, different colors in the right part represent different conserved domains; the lower scale represents gene or protein length); (B) The conservative motif logo generated by comparison of amino acid sequences of 25 D27s members. UTR: Untranslated region; CDS: Coding sequence

Figure 4 Alignment of amino acid sequences of D27s from 8 different species Motif1, motif2, motif4 and motif5 are found in 25 D27s sequences of 8 species, and motif1 is marked in black; motif2 is marked in green; motif4 is marked in blue; motif5 is marked in red.

Figure 5 Prediction of D27s cis-element Diagram of cis-acting elements in the 2 000 bp upstream promoter regions of foxtail millet D27 genes. Rectangular boxes with different colors represent different cis-elements.

Figure 6 Expression of D27s genes throughout the reproductive period in different tiller materials (A) Expression patterns of D27s genes in different tissues of Yugu1; (B) Expression of SiD27-1 in different tissues of less tiller material Yugu1 reproductive period; (C) Expression of SvD27-1 in different tissues of multi-tiller material A10 reproductive period. R stand for root, S stand for stem, Yl stand for young leaf, Ol stand for old leaf, Sh stand for leaf sheath, and P stand for spike.

Figure 7 Responsive pattern of D27s in different tissues under phosphorus (P) deficiency treatment (A) Seita.8G168400 (SiD27-1); (B) Seita.6G088800 (SiD27-2); (C) Seita.3G050900 (SiD27-3). * P<0.05; ** P<0.01

Figure 8 Subcellular localization of D27 proteins GFP represents green fluorescence protein. Bars=5 μm

Figure 9 Sequence polymorphism analysis of SiD27-1 (A) The gene structure of SiD27-1 and its haplotypes; (B) Haplotype variation analysis (circle size indicate the number of varieties in each Hap; traverse lines represent the extent of variation between two Haps)

Figure 10 Box plot of SiD27-1 associated with phenotypic data in different years The red box represent the association analysis between SiD27-1 genotype and tiller phenotype