Genotypic Diversity and Pathogenisity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Isolated from Southern China in 2019-2021

doi:10.11983/CBB22183

Abstract

Abstract: Although resistant cultivars have been widely employed as the most economical and effective way to control bacterial blight (BB) in rice, the outbreak of BB reoccured in Southern China in recent years. In order to investigate the cause for the recent outbreak of BB in China, we collected the rice leaves with typical BB symptom from paddies in eight southern provinces (Hainan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu) in 2019 to 2021. A total of 97 Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) strains isolated from the BB-diseased leaves were divided into 10 genotypes by Southern hybridization detection of transcription activator-like effectors (tale), of which genotype V was the representative of the dominant population. The representative strains of each genotype were applied to inoculated rice accessions with different resistance (R) gene. The inoculation results revealed that traditional major R genes such as Xa3 and Xa4 were only effective against a small number of the newly isolated Xoo strains, whereas Xa7 and Xa23 still had broad-spectrum resistance to all (or the majority of) these strains. We concluded that the cause for the recent outbreak of rice BB in Southern China is most likely the insufficient use of effective BB resistance genes in the new rice varieties. Exploring and utilizing excellent resistance gene resources is still the most ideal way to prevent and control BB.

Key words: bacterial blight, resistance gene, transcription activator-like effector, strain virulence, rice

Tian Chuanyu, Fang Yanli, Shen Qing, Wang Hongjie, Chen Xifeng, Guo Wei, Zhao Kaijun, Wang Chunlian, Ji Zhiyuan. Genotypic Diversity and Pathogenisity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Isolated from Southern China in 2019-2021[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(5): 743-749.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB22183

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2023/V58/I5/743

Figures/Tables 4

References 23

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tale genotype	Representative strains	Distribution	Number of strains	Frequency (%)	Putative tale gene
I	YN18-3	Yunnan, Guangxi	4	4.12	pthXo1, avrXa7, avrXa23
II	GX15-2, YN17-8	Yunnan, Guangxi	2	2.06	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23, avrXa27
III	YN17-2, YN18-6	Yunnan, Guangdong	8	8.25	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa10, avrXa23, avrXa27
IV	GX15-4, GD3-153	Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan	18	18.56	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23
V	ZJ1-121, HuN1-136	Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangsu	27	27.84	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23
VI	ZJ3-184	Zhejiang, Guangdong	5	5.15	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23, avrXa27
VII	ZJ4-198	Zhejiang, Jiangsu	4	4.12	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23, avrXa27
VIII	GD1-105, HN1-150	Guangdong, Hainan, Zhejiang, Guangxi	22	22.68	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23
IX	FJ3-192	Fujian, Guangxi	4	4.12	pthXo1, avrXa7, avrXa10, avrXa23, avrXa27
X	JS2-103	Jiangsu, Zhejiang	3	3.09	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa7, avrXa10, avrXa23, avrXa27

tale genotype	Representative strains	Distribution	Number of strains	Frequency (%)	Putative tale gene
I	YN18-3	Yunnan, Guangxi	4	4.12	pthXo1, avrXa7, avrXa23
II	GX15-2, YN17-8	Yunnan, Guangxi	2	2.06	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23, avrXa27
III	YN17-2, YN18-6	Yunnan, Guangdong	8	8.25	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa10, avrXa23, avrXa27
IV	GX15-4, GD3-153	Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan	18	18.56	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23
V	ZJ1-121, HuN1-136	Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangsu	27	27.84	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23
VI	ZJ3-184	Zhejiang, Guangdong	5	5.15	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23, avrXa27
VII	ZJ4-198	Zhejiang, Jiangsu	4	4.12	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23, avrXa27
VIII	GD1-105, HN1-150	Guangdong, Hainan, Zhejiang, Guangxi	22	22.68	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa23
IX	FJ3-192	Fujian, Guangxi	4	4.12	pthXo1, avrXa7, avrXa10, avrXa23, avrXa27
X	JS2-103	Jiangsu, Zhejiang	3	3.09	pthXo1, pthXo2, avrXa7, avrXa10, avrXa23, avrXa27

Strains	tale genotype	IR24	JG30	IRBB3	IRBB4	IRBB5	IRBB7	IRBB21	IRBB27	CBB23	KΔSWEET	5024	4059	4064
YN18-3	I	2.17± 1.21 b	11.00± 1.25 a	0.50± 0.32 b	0.50± 0.69 b	0.50± 0.04 b	0.10± 0.00 b	0.50± 0.31 b	0.50± 0.01 b	0.30± 0.01 b	1.90± 0.40 b	0.10± 0.00 b	0.35± 0.01 b	0.35± 0.05 b
GX15-2	II	9.00± 0.69 b	14.00± 0.82 a	8.67± 2.75 b	7.17± 0.05 c	1.67± 0.02 c	2.50± 0.01 d	4.44± 0.45 c	0.10± 0.00 d	1.88± 0.03 d	2.13± 0.45 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.11± 0.02 d	14.33± 1.25 a
YN18-6	III	9.83± 0.02 b	18.83± 0.96 a	15.67± 0.01 a	3.50± 0.03 c	0.40± 0.01 d	0.48± 0.17 d	0.50± 0.00 d	0.32± 0.01 d	0.10± 0.02 d	1.40± 0.01 d	0.20± 0.01 d	0.60± 0.01 d	2.42± 0.01 d
GD3-153	IV	8.17± 0.90 b	17.00± 2.58 a	8.67± 2.98 b	0.50± 0.01 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.10± 0.02 d	3.38± 0.02 c	0.50± 0.02 d	0.10± 0.01 d	1.08± 1.92 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.10± 0.01 d	7.00± 1.63 b
HuN1-136	V	9.50± 0.58 b	11.33± 2.08 a	5.17± 0.94 c	6.75± 1.34 c	0.10± 0.02 d	0.10± 0.01 d	14.83± 1.25 a	0.20± 0.01 d	0.10± 0.10 d	0.75± 0.22 d	3.50± 0.01 c	1.17± 0.02 d	9.92± 1.21 b
ZJ3-184	VI	6.33± 0.37 b	14.50± 1.83 a	7.75± 0.02 b	0.20± 0.03 c	0.10± 0.00 c	2.75± 0.02 c	0.10± 0.00 c	0.10± 0.00 c	0.88± 0.32 c	0.35± 0.15 c	0.10± 0.00 c	1.33± 0.01 c	2.50± 0.14 c
ZJ4-198	VII	9.50± 1.21 b	12.00± 1.07 a	6.67± 1.70 c	7.33± 1.61 c	1.75± 0.32 d	0.10± 0.01 d	2.42± 0.03 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.10± 0.01 d	7.83± 0.21 c	0.10± 0.02 d	0.50± 0.01 d	5.83± 0.25 c
HN1-150	VIII	10.33± 0.69 b	17.17± 1.29 a	14.00± 0.94 a	6.17± 1.12 c	0.33± 0.01 d	0.53± 0.25 d	3.86± 0.01 d	8.67± 3.34 c	1.21± 0.24 d	1.10± 0.24 d	4.00± 0.95 d	4.83± 0.05 c	8.17± 0.14 c
FJ3-192	IX	6.67± 1.97 b	8.17± 1.34 ab	4.75± 1.15 bc	4.92± 0.69 bc	0.10± 0.00 c	5.08± 0.37 b	1.00± 0.01 c	0.10± 0.02 c	1.42± 1.28 c	1.50± 0.37 c	0.83± 0.01 c	2.67± 0.01 c	10.33± 0.17 a
JS2-103	X	4.83± 0.96 c	12.83± 0.75 a	7.17± 0.69 b	1.67± 1.18 d	0.50± 0.00 d	1.93± 0.07 d	2.17± 0.00 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.25± 0.07 d	1.58± 0.43 d	0.50± 0.02 d	0.10± 0.00 d	4.83± 2.89 c

Strains	tale genotype	IR24	JG30	IRBB3	IRBB4	IRBB5	IRBB7	IRBB21	IRBB27	CBB23	KΔSWEET	5024	4059	4064
YN18-3	I	2.17± 1.21 b	11.00± 1.25 a	0.50± 0.32 b	0.50± 0.69 b	0.50± 0.04 b	0.10± 0.00 b	0.50± 0.31 b	0.50± 0.01 b	0.30± 0.01 b	1.90± 0.40 b	0.10± 0.00 b	0.35± 0.01 b	0.35± 0.05 b
GX15-2	II	9.00± 0.69 b	14.00± 0.82 a	8.67± 2.75 b	7.17± 0.05 c	1.67± 0.02 c	2.50± 0.01 d	4.44± 0.45 c	0.10± 0.00 d	1.88± 0.03 d	2.13± 0.45 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.11± 0.02 d	14.33± 1.25 a
YN18-6	III	9.83± 0.02 b	18.83± 0.96 a	15.67± 0.01 a	3.50± 0.03 c	0.40± 0.01 d	0.48± 0.17 d	0.50± 0.00 d	0.32± 0.01 d	0.10± 0.02 d	1.40± 0.01 d	0.20± 0.01 d	0.60± 0.01 d	2.42± 0.01 d
GD3-153	IV	8.17± 0.90 b	17.00± 2.58 a	8.67± 2.98 b	0.50± 0.01 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.10± 0.02 d	3.38± 0.02 c	0.50± 0.02 d	0.10± 0.01 d	1.08± 1.92 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.10± 0.01 d	7.00± 1.63 b
HuN1-136	V	9.50± 0.58 b	11.33± 2.08 a	5.17± 0.94 c	6.75± 1.34 c	0.10± 0.02 d	0.10± 0.01 d	14.83± 1.25 a	0.20± 0.01 d	0.10± 0.10 d	0.75± 0.22 d	3.50± 0.01 c	1.17± 0.02 d	9.92± 1.21 b
ZJ3-184	VI	6.33± 0.37 b	14.50± 1.83 a	7.75± 0.02 b	0.20± 0.03 c	0.10± 0.00 c	2.75± 0.02 c	0.10± 0.00 c	0.10± 0.00 c	0.88± 0.32 c	0.35± 0.15 c	0.10± 0.00 c	1.33± 0.01 c	2.50± 0.14 c
ZJ4-198	VII	9.50± 1.21 b	12.00± 1.07 a	6.67± 1.70 c	7.33± 1.61 c	1.75± 0.32 d	0.10± 0.01 d	2.42± 0.03 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.10± 0.01 d	7.83± 0.21 c	0.10± 0.02 d	0.50± 0.01 d	5.83± 0.25 c
HN1-150	VIII	10.33± 0.69 b	17.17± 1.29 a	14.00± 0.94 a	6.17± 1.12 c	0.33± 0.01 d	0.53± 0.25 d	3.86± 0.01 d	8.67± 3.34 c	1.21± 0.24 d	1.10± 0.24 d	4.00± 0.95 d	4.83± 0.05 c	8.17± 0.14 c
FJ3-192	IX	6.67± 1.97 b	8.17± 1.34 ab	4.75± 1.15 bc	4.92± 0.69 bc	0.10± 0.00 c	5.08± 0.37 b	1.00± 0.01 c	0.10± 0.02 c	1.42± 1.28 c	1.50± 0.37 c	0.83± 0.01 c	2.67± 0.01 c	10.33± 0.17 a
JS2-103	X	4.83± 0.96 c	12.83± 0.75 a	7.17± 0.69 b	1.67± 1.18 d	0.50± 0.00 d	1.93± 0.07 d	2.17± 0.00 d	0.10± 0.00 d	0.25± 0.07 d	1.58± 0.43 d	0.50± 0.02 d	0.10± 0.00 d	4.83± 2.89 c