Expression Analysis of Key Genes in Gibberellin Biosynthesis and Related Phytohormonal Dynamics During Sugarcane Internode Elongation

doi:10.11983/CBB18139

Abstract

Abstract: In this study, Saccharum officinarum GT42 was used as the research material. Second internode tissue of sugarcane at the non-elongation stage (Ls1), early elongation stage (Ls2) and elongation stage (Ls3) was collected to measure plant hormones such as gibberellic acid (GA), indole acetic acid (IAA), brassinosteroids (BR), cytokinin (CTK), ethylene (ETH) and abscisic acid (ABA). The differential expression of the key genes GA20-Oxidase1, GID1 and GAI was analyzed by qRT-PCR. During the elongation stage, the contents of GA and IAA showed an upward trend, but CTK and ABA contents showed a downward trend. ETH content was increased at first and then decreased, whereas BR content did not change. The expression of GA20-Oxidase 1 and GID1 increased, and that of GAI decreased, which was closely related to the changes in GA content. Therefore, we considered that the internode elongation of sugarcane is mainly related to GA and IAA, then are CTK and ABA, and ETH is regulated by IAA to affect internode elongation. The interaction between these phytohormones regulates the expression of GA20-Oxidase 1, GID1 and GAI, which affects the content and signal transduction of GA, thereby affecting the internode elongation of sugarcane. The study clarifies the differential expression of key genes in the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway and signal transduction process, along with the dynamic changes of plant hormone content during internode elongation of sugarcane.

Key words: phytohormone, gibberellin, gene expression analysis, internode elongation, sugarcane

Yegeng Fan,Lihang Qiu,Xing Huang,Huiwen Zhou,Chongkun Gan,Yangrui Li,Rongzhong Yang,Jianming Wu,Rongfa Chen. Expression Analysis of Key Genes in Gibberellin Biosynthesis and Related Phytohormonal Dynamics During Sugarcane Internode Elongation[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2019, 54(4): 486-496.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB18139

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2019/V54/I4/486

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1 Primers for real-time quantitative PCR

Genes	Sequences of primers (5'-3')	Tm (°C)	Product length (bp)
25S rRNA	F: CGAATACGAACCGTGAAAGC	58.4	164
25S rRNA	R: ACAATGATAGGAAGAGCCGACA	59.0	164
GA20-Oxidase1	F: CCGTCGTGGACTACTTCG	54.0	205
GA20-Oxidase1	R: CACGGCGGGTAGTAGTTGAG	58.3	205
GID1	F: GGTCATCCTCTTCTTCCACGG	60.8	119
GID1	R: AGTTGACGGACACCACGACG	61.3	119
GAI	F: GCGACGACAAGGATGAGGA	58.8	186
GAI	R: TGAAGCGGTCAAGGAATGTG	59.2	186

Table 2 The elongation of sugarcane at different stages (means±SD)

Period	Plant height (cm)	Elongation rate (cm·d^-1)	Internode number	Average internode length (cm)
Ls1	39.38±1.10	0.44±0.01	4±1	6.09±0.28
Ls2	68.37±1.25**	0.97±0.07**	7±1**	8.05±0.18**
Ls3	147.13±0.85**	2.63±0.06**	12±1**	11.43±0.07**

Figure 1 Changes of sugarcane elongation at different stages (A) The sugarcane plant height of non-elongation stage (Ls1); (B) The sugarcane plant height of early elongation stage (Ls2); (C) The sugarcane plant height of elongation stage (Ls3). Bars=10 cm

Figure 2 Changes of endogenous hormone contents in sugarcane internode during different elongation stages (A) Indole acetic acid (IAA); (B) Brassinosteroids (BR); (C) Cytokinin (CTK); (D) Abscisic acid (ABA); (E) Ethylene (ETH). The different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and the different capital letters indicate extremely significant differences (P<0.01). Ls1-Ls3 see Table 2.

Figure 3 The changes of gibberellin content and genes differential expression of synthetic pathways during sugarcane internode elongation (A) The content of gibberellic acid (GA); (B) The expression level of GA20-Oxidase1; (C) The expression level of GID1; (D) The expression level of GAI. The different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and the different capital letters indicate extremely significant differences (P<0.01). Ls1-Ls3 see Table 2.

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