生长素输出载体PIN家族研究进展

doi:10.11983/CBB20198

植物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 151-165.DOI: 10.11983/CBB20198

生长素输出载体PIN家族研究进展

林雨晴¹, 齐艳华¹^,²^,^*()

¹浙江大学生命科学学院植物生物学研究所, 植物生理学与生物化学国家重点实验室, 杭州 310058
²内蒙古大学生命科学学院, 牧草与特色作物生物技术教育部重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010000

收稿日期:2020-12-03 接受日期:2021-01-18 出版日期:2021-03-01 发布日期:2021-03-17
通讯作者: 齐艳华
作者简介:^*E-mail: qyhjp@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金地区项目(32060451);浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(LZ19C020001)

Advances in Auxin Efflux Carrier PIN Proteins

Yuqing Lin¹, Yanhua Qi¹^,²^,^*()

¹State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
²Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Huhehot 010000, China

Received:2020-12-03 Accepted:2021-01-18 Online:2021-03-01 Published:2021-03-17
Contact: Yanhua Qi

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生长素极性运输调控植物的生长发育。生长素极性运输主要依赖3类转运蛋白: AUX/LAX、PIN和ABCB蛋白家族。生长素在细胞间流动的方向与PIN蛋白在细胞上的极性定位密切相关。PIN蛋白由1个中心亲水环和2个由中心亲水环隔开的疏水区组成。中心亲水环上含多个磷酸化位点, 其为一些蛋白激酶的靶点。PIN蛋白受多方面调控, 包括转录调控、转录后修饰以及胞内循环与降解, 以响应内源和外源信号。目前, 利用全基因组测序方法在禾谷类作物水稻(Oryza sativa)、玉米(Zea mays)和高粱(Sorghum bicolor)中分别鉴定出12、15和11个PIN基因, 但仅有少数PIN基因的功能被报道。该文从蛋白结构、活性调控和功能验证等方面综述了PIN蛋白在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)和禾谷类作物中的研究进展, 以期为探究PIN蛋白家族介导的生长素极性运输过程提供新的思路与线索。

关键词: PIN蛋白, 生长素极性运输, 拟南芥, 禾谷类作物

Abstract: Auxin polar transport regulates plant growth and development. The polar transport of auxin mainly depends on three transporters: AUX/LAX, PIN and ABCB protein families. The direction of auxin flow between cells is closely related to the polar localization of PIN proteins in cells. The PIN protein contains a central hydrophilic loop (HL) and two separated hydrophobic regions, and the multiple phosphorylation sites on HL are the targets of protein kinases. The PIN proteins are fine-tuned at multiple levels, including transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional modification, intracellular recycling and vacuolar trafficking for degradation, in response to endogenous and exogenous signals. Using genome-wide analysis, 12, 15 and 11 PIN like genes have been identified in rice, maize and sorghum, respectively, but the functions of only a few genes have been reported. Here we reviewed the research progress of PIN protein in Arabidopsis thalianaand cereal crops from the aspects of protein structure, activity regulation and functional verification to provide new ideas and clues for exploring the auxin polar transport mediated by PIN protein family.

Key words: PIN protein, auxin polar transport, Arabidopsis thaliana, cereal crops

林雨晴, 齐艳华. 生长素输出载体PIN家族研究进展. 植物学报, 2021, 56(2): 151-165.

Yuqing Lin, Yanhua Qi. Advances in Auxin Efflux Carrier PIN Proteins. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2021, 56(2): 151-165.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB20198

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2021/V56/I2/151

图/表 3

图1 PIN蛋白结构模型 (A) 以拟南芥PIN1为代表的长亲水环PIN蛋白结构模型及亲水环上的磷酸化位点; (B) 短亲水环PIN蛋白结构模型。

Figure 1 Structural model of PIN proteins (A)Structural model of PIN protein with a long hydrophilic loop (HL) and the phosphorylation sites on the HL (with AtPIN1 as an example); (B)Structural model of PIN protein with a short HL.

图2 PIN蛋白极性定位和胞内转运的调控 TGN/EE: 反面高尔基管网状结构/初级内体; GNOM: ADP核糖基化因子的鸟苷酸交换因子; CME: 网格蛋白介导的内吞作用; CRK: 钙依赖性蛋白激酶相关激酶; CAMEL: 生长素调控的管道化相关Malectin型类受体激酶; PP2A: 蛋白磷酸酶2A; BFA: 布雷菲尔德菌素A; PIDs: 丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶; MKK-MAPK: 促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶激酶-促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶信号级联; CANAR: 管道化相关类受体激酶; AP-2: 接头蛋白2

Figure 2 Regulation of PIN polarity and subcellular trafficking TGN/EE: Trans Golgi network/early endosome; GNOM: ADP- ribosylation factor guanine-nucleotide exchange factors; CME: Clathrin-mediated endocytosis; CRK: CDPK-related kinase; CAMEL: Canalization-related auxin-regulated Malectin- type RLK; PP2A: Protein phosphatase 2A; BFA: Brefeldin A; PIDs: PINOID; MKK/MAPK: MAPK kinase/mitogen activated protein kinases; CANAR: Canalization-related receptor-like kinase; AP-2: Adaptor protein-2

表1 水稻PIN基因的生物学功能

Table 1 Biofunctions of PIN genes in rice

基因名称	功能	参考文献
OsPIN1	调控不定根发育、分蘖及地下部和地上部的比例; OsPIN1a和OsPIN1b参与根和茎的发育; OsPIN1c和OsPIN1d参与穗的形成; OsPIN1a也在根的负趋光性调控中起作用	Xu et al. 2005, 2014; Li et al. 2019b
OsPIN2	介导生长素从地上部向根茎结合部的转运; 调控分蘖、分蘖角度和株高	Chen et al. 2012
OsPIN5b	定位于内质网上参与胞内生长素转运, 调控株型和产量	Lu et al. 2015; Zeng et al. 2020
OsPIN9	调控分蘖数	Hou et al. 2021
OsPIN10a/OsPIN3t/OsPIN3a	参与抗旱响应过程	Zhang et al. 2012

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生长素输出载体PIN家族研究进展

Advances in Auxin Efflux Carrier PIN Proteins

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