拟南芥AtFTCD-L参与根系响应土壤紧实度的机制

doi:10.11983/CBB24154

植物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (4): 551-561.DOI: 10.11983/CBB24154 cstr: 32102.14.CBB24154

拟南芥AtFTCD-L参与根系响应土壤紧实度的机制

刘雨函¹, 曹启江¹^,^*(), 张诗晗¹, 李益慧¹, 王菁¹, 谭晓萌¹, 刘筱儒¹, 王显玲²

¹沈阳大学生命科学与工程学院, 辽宁省城市有害生物治理与生态安全重点实验室, 沈阳 110044
²沈阳农业大学生物科学技术学院, 沈阳 110866

收稿日期:2024-10-13 接受日期:2025-01-20 出版日期:2025-07-10 发布日期:2025-01-21
通讯作者: *E-mail: caojiang2010@126.com
基金资助:
2024年辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(LJ212411035019);2024年沈阳大学本科大学生创新创业训练计划项目-国家级(202411035017)

Mechanism by which AtFTCD-L is Involved in the Root Response to Soil Compaction

Yuhan Liu¹, Qijiang Cao¹^,^*(), Shihan Zhang¹, Yihui Li¹, Jing Wang¹, Xiaomeng Tan¹, Xiaoru Liu¹, Xianling Wang²

¹Key Laboratory of Urban Pest Control and Ecological Security in Liaoning, College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
²College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China

Received:2024-10-13 Accepted:2025-01-20 Online:2025-07-10 Published:2025-01-21
Contact: *E-mail: caojiang2010@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植物根系在生长发育过程中响应各种非生物胁迫, 包括干旱、重金属、盐、冷、热以及生理性缺素等, 其中土壤结构特别是土壤紧实度会影响根系的生长与形态, 进而影响作物产量。高尔基体通过囊泡分泌参与根系的生长以及响应非生物胁迫。然而, 高尔基体如何参与根系响应土壤紧实度的机制还不清楚。前期研究发现拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana) AtFTCD-L定位在高尔基体反面(trans Golgi network, TGN)上, 参与囊泡的分选和/或分泌, 调节根冠外周细胞中的黏液成分。在前期研究的基础上, 模拟土壤高紧实度生长条件, 观察稳定表达PINs-GFP的纯合体拟南芥植株表型, 通过观察生长素相关荧光信号, 发现AtFTCD-L突变体根尖以及根尖细胞在纵向上短于野生型等材料, 而在横向上宽于野生型等材料, 并且细胞形态明显异常。通过对PINs相关材料进行荧光信号收集, 发现突变体植株中PIN7低表达或不表达。综上表明, AtFTCD-L在拟南芥植株根系中通过调节PIN7的分布或表达来响应土壤紧实度。研究结果为揭示植物根系响应土壤紧实度胁迫的适应机制提供了理论指导。

关键词: AtFTCD-L, 紧实度, 根尖, 拟南芥, PIN7

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Plant roots respond to various abiotic stresses, including drought stress, heavy metal stress, salt stress, and deficiencies in essential nutrients, during their growth and development. Among these factors, soil structure, especially soil compaction, significantly affects root growth and morphology, ultimately influencing crop yield. RATIONALE: The Golgi apparatus plays a role in root growth and responds to abiotic stress through vesicle secretion. However, the mechanisms by which the Golgi apparatus contributes to the response of the root system to soil compaction remain unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that AtFTCD-L in Arabidopsis is located on the trans-Golgi network (TGN) opposite the Golgi apparatus, and plays a role in vesicle sorting and/or secretion regulation of mucin components in the peripheral cells of the root cap. RESULTS: Compared with those of the wild type, the root tips and root tip cells of the ftcd mutant are shorter in the longitudinal direction, but wider in the transverse direction, indicating abnormal cell morphology. Analysis of fluorescent signals from PIN-GFP plants revealed that PIN7 was either not expressed or expressed at very low levels in mutants. This study provides theoretical insights into the adaptive mechanisms of plant roots in response to abiotic stress induced by soil compaction. CONCLUSION: In summary, AtFTCD-L responds to soil compaction in the roots of Arabidopsis by regulating the distribution or expression of PIN7.
Phenotypic differences in the effects of soil compaction on AtFTCD-L (WT)-, and mutant (ftcd)-mediated PIN7 regulation of root cell growth. The growth phenotypes of the root tips of the Arabidopsis lines on the 7^th day.

Key words: AtFTCD-L, compaction, root tip, Arabidopsis thaliana, PIN7

刘雨函, 曹启江, 张诗晗, 李益慧, 王菁, 谭晓萌, 刘筱儒, 王显玲. 拟南芥AtFTCD-L参与根系响应土壤紧实度的机制. 植物学报, 2025, 60(4): 551-561.

Yuhan Liu, Qijiang Cao, Shihan Zhang, Yihui Li, Jing Wang, Xiaomeng Tan, Xiaoru Liu, Xianling Wang. Mechanism by which AtFTCD-L is Involved in the Root Response to Soil Compaction. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2025, 60(4): 551-561.

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https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2025/V60/I4/551

图/表 8

表1 qRT-PCR引物序列

Table 1 Primer sequences for qRT-PCR

Gene name	Forward primer (5′-3′)	Reverse primer (5′-3′)
AtActin 8	ATTGTGTTGGACTCTGGTGAT	CTGCTGGAAAGTG- CTGAGGG
At2g20830 (AtFTCD-L)	ATGAGGCAGACCGTTGCT	GTTGGGTCCTTCTTGT

图1 AtFTCD-L在拟南芥中的表达模式 (A) 种子萌发; (B) 根; (C) 叶; (D) 花; (E) 种子; (F) 长角果; (G) 种子与长角果。SAM: 茎顶端分生组织。(A), (D), (F)中的数字代表不同发育时期。

Figure1 Expression patterns of AtFTCD-L in Arabidopsis thaliana (A) Seed germination; (B) Root; (C) Leaf; (D) Flower; (E) Seed; (F) Silique; (G) Seed and silique. SAM: Shoot apical meristem. The numbers in (A), (D), (F) indicate different development stages.

图2 在1/2MS培养基与梯度琼脂培养基中拟南芥根尖AtFTCD-L的表达情况 (A) 拟南芥根尖在1/2MS培养基与梯度琼脂培养基中的GUS组织化学染色; (B) AtFTCD-L在根中的表达情况。**和***分别表示在0.01和0.001水平差异显著。Bars=20 μm

Figure 2 Expression of AtFTCD-L in Arabidopsis thaliana root tip in 1/2MS media and gradient agar media (A) GUS histological staining of the root tips of A. thaliana in 1/2MS media and gradient agar media; (B) Expression of AtFTCD-L in the roots of A. thaliana. **, and *** indicate significant differences at the 0.01, and 0.001 levels, respectively. Bars=20 μm

图3 拟南芥野生型(WT)、突变体、过表达(OE)及回复(Comp)植株根尖在琼脂梯度培养基中的生长表型与统计分析 (A) 野生型、突变体与回复突变体植株的根生长情况; (B) 图(A)中7天根长的统计结果; (C) 野生型与过表达植株的根生长情况; (D) 图(C)中7天根长的统计结果。* P<0.05; ** P<0.01。Bars=5 mm

Figure 3 Root growth phenotypes and statistical analysis of the wild type (WT), mutant, overexpression (OE) and complementary (Comp) lines of Arabidopsis thaliana in gradient agar media (A) Root growth of the WT, mutant and complementary lines; (B) Statistical results of 7-day root length for figure (A); (C) Root growth of the WT and OE lines; (D) Statistical result of 7-day root length for figure (C). * P<0.05; ** P<0.01. Bars=5 mm

图4 突变体与野生型(WT)拟南芥植株根尖在高紧实度阻力下的细胞形态 (A) 突变体与野生型植株根在琼脂浓度梯度培养基中的生长情况; (B) 图(A)中突变体与野生型7天根尖细胞横向宽度的统计结果; (C) 突变体与野生型植株根尖在高紧实度(3%)培养基中的细胞形态; (D) 图(A)中突变体与野生型7天根尖细胞长度统计结果。* P<0.05。Bars=20 μm

Figure 4 Comparison of the cell morphology of Arabidopsis thaliana root tips between the mutant and wild-type (WT) plants in high-compactness resistance media (A) Root growth of the mutant and WT lines in gradient agar media; (B) Statistical results of apical width of the root tip cells on the 7th day in figure (A); (C) Cell morphology of the root tips for mutant and WT in high-compactness resistance media (3%); (D) Statistical results of the root tip cell length of the mutant and WT plants on the 7th day in figure (A). * P<0.05. Bars=20 μm

图5 带GFP标签的PIN7转基因植株与野生型(WT)、突变体、回复突变体(Comp)杂交株系在紧实度阻力培养基中的生长情况 Bar=5 mm

Figure 5 Growth of the wild type (WT), mutant, and complementary (Comp) plants crossed with the PIN7-GFP marker line in compactness resistance medium Bar=5 mm

图6 带GFP标签的PIN1、PIN3和DR5转基因植株与野生型(WT)和突变体杂交株系在1/2MS培养基上的生长情况 (A) PIN1与ftcd突变体和野生型杂交株系在荧光与明场条件下的图片; (B) PIN3与ftcd突变体和野生型杂交株系在荧光与明场条件下的图片; (C) DR5与ftcd突变体和野生型杂交株系在荧光与明场条件下的图片。Bars=20 μm

Figure 6 Growth of the wild type (WT) and mutant plants crossed with PIN1/3- and DR5-GFP marker lines in 1/2MS medium (A) Images of the WT and ftcd mutant plants crossed with PIN1 under fluorescence and bright field; (B) Images of the WT and ftcd mutant plants crossed with PIN3 under fluorescence and bright field; (C) Images of the WT and ftcd mutant plants crossed with DR5 under fluorescence and bright field. Bars=20 μm

图7 带GFP标签的PIN7在突变体与野生型(WT)拟南芥根尖中的分布情况 (A)-(D) PIN7-GFP的荧光分布表达情况(A和C为突变体, B和D为野生型); (E), (F) FM4-64染色PIN7-GFP杂交突变体(E)与野生型(F)植株根尖。Bars=50 μm

Figure 7 Distribution of PIN7 tagged with GFP in the mutant and wild type (WT) plants (A)-(D) Fluorescence distribution and expression of PIN7-GFP in the mutant and WT plants (A and C for mutant, B and D for WT); (E), (F) FM4-64 in the mutant (E) and WT (F) plants crossed with PIN7-GFP. Bars=50 μm

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拟南芥AtFTCD-L参与根系响应土壤紧实度的机制

Mechanism by which AtFTCD-L is Involved in the Root Response to Soil Compaction

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