PAD4突变加速拟南芥酪氨酸降解缺陷突变体sscd1的程序性细胞死亡

doi:10.11983/CBB21194

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 程序性细胞死亡(PCD)对于植物生长发育和防御反应均极为重要。拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)酪氨酸降解途径延胡索酰乙酰乙酸水解酶(FAH)缺失突变体sscd1 (short-day sensitive cell death 1)在短日照下(8小时光照/16小时黑暗)发生PCD。前期研究发现, sscd1突变体的PCD与茉莉素(JAs)信号转导有关, 而与水杨酸(SA)信号转导无关。PAD4 (Phytoalexin deficient 4)参与SA和JAs信号转导之间的相互拮抗。该研究发现sscd1突变体PCD伴随着PAD4表达上调; 而PAD4突变导致sscd1突变体PCD加速, 同时上调JAs信号转导途径下游响应基因vegetative storage protein 2、thionin2.1和defensin1.2的表达; sscd1/pad4/coil三突变体中JAs信号转导受阻导致PCD加速现象消失。PAD4突变上调sscd1突变体酪氨酸降解基因homogentisate dioxygenase和maleylacetoacetate isomerase以及单线态氧特异性诱导基因bonzai1-associated protein 1和a putative c2h2 zinc finger transcription factor的表达, 并且上调均依赖JAs信号转导受体COI1。综上所述, PAD4突变通过增强JAs信号转导加速酪氨酸降解, 增加单线态氧的积累, 从而促进sscd1突变体的PCD。

关键词: 程序性细胞死亡, PAD4, 茉莉素信号转导, 酪氨酸降解, 拟南芥

Abstract: Programmed cell death (PCD) is extremely important for plant growth and defense. Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) deficient mutant short-day sensitive cell death 1 (sscd1) displayed PCD under short day condition (8 h light/16 h darkness). Our previous study found PCD in sscd1 was related to jasmonates (JAs) signal transduction but not to salicylic acid (SA). Phytoalexin deficient 4 (PAD4) is involved in mutual antagonism between SA and JAs signaling. In this study, PCD was accompanied by up-regulation of PAD4; while mutation of PAD4 accelerated the sscd1 PCD and induced JAs signaling pathway downstream response genes vegetative storage protein 2、thionin2.1 and defensin1.2. In triple mutant sscd1/pad4/coil, JAs signal transduction was blocked, resulting in the disappearance of PCD acceleration. PAD4 mutation induce the expression of Tyr degradation gene homogentisate dioxygenase and maleylacetoacetate isomerase, singlet oxygen specific induced genes bonzai1-associated protein 1 and a putative c2h2 zinc finger transcription factor in sscd1, the induction is dependent on JAs signaling receptor COI1. In conclusion, PAD4 mutation increase JAs signaling, then accelerate tyrosine degradation and singlet oxygen accumulation, thereby promoting PCD in the sscd1 mutant.

Key words: programmed cell death, PAD4, jasmonates signaling, tyrosine degradation, Arabidopsis thaliana

支添添, 周舟, 韩成云, 任春梅. PAD4突变加速拟南芥酪氨酸降解缺陷突变体sscd1的程序性细胞死亡. 植物学报, 2022, 57(3): 288-298.

Tiantian Zhi, Zhou Zhou, Chengyun Han, Chunmei Ren. PAD4 Mutation Accelerating Programmed Cell Death in Arabidopsis thaliana Tyrosine Degradation Deficient Mutant sscd1. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2022, 57(3): 288-298.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB21194

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2022/V57/I3/288

图/表 7

表1 qRT-PCR引物序列

Table 1 The primers used for qRT-PCR

Primer name	Primer sequence (5′-3′)
VSP2-F	GGATTGAACCCATCATACTCAG
VSP2-R	CACGAGACTCTTCCTCACCTTT
PDF1.2-F	GCTTCCATCATCACCCTTATC
PDF1.2-R	TTGGCTTCTCGCACAACTT
THI2.1-F	GTTGGGTAAACGCCATTCT
THI2.1-R	CATTGTTCCGACGCTCCATT
PAD4-F	GACGCTGCCATACTCAAACT
PAD4-R	CCAAAGGTGATACAAAAGACGC
BAP1-F	ATCGGATCCCACCAGAGATTACGG
BAP1-R	AATCTCGGCCTCCACAAACCAG
ZP-F	TACGAAGGAAAGAACGGAGGC
ZP-R	GGTATCGGCGGTATGTTGAGG
HGO-F	GGAGATTGATTTCGTTGATGGGTT
HGO-R	GCGGAGTCTTTCATTCCTGTGTTA
MAAI-F	GCTGGACTCTGCTACTGCGA
MAAI-R	AGGGCGATACGGACACGATG
ACTIN2-F	AGCACTTGCACCAAGCAGCATG
ACTIN2-R	ACGATTCCTGGACCTGCCTCATC

图1 拟南芥sscd1突变体的程序性细胞死亡(PCD)伴随PAD4表达的上调图中数值和误差线为3次重复的平均值±标准误, 在野生型(作为对照)中的表达量设为1。* 表示差异显著(P<0.05), ** 表示差异极显著(P<0.01) (Student’s t-test)。WT: 野生型; SD: 短日照

Figure 1 Programmed cell death (PCD) in Arabidopsis sscd1 mutant is accompanied by the up-regulation of PAD4 gene The values and error bars in the figure are means ± SE from three biological replicates, expression level in wild type (as control) was set to 1. * indicates significant difference at P<0.05, ** indicates significant difference at P<0.01 (Student’s t-test). WT: Wild type; SD: Short day

图2 PAD4突变加速拟南芥sscd1突变体的程序性细胞死亡(PCD) (A) 短日照(SD)下6天野生型(WT)和突变体的表型(bars= 0.2 cm); (B) SD下sscd1和sscd1/pad4的死亡率统计。图中数值和误差线为3次重复的平均值±标准误。* 表示差异显著(P<0.05) (Student’s t-test)。

Figure 2 Mutation of PAD4 gene accelerated the programmed cell death (PCD) in Arabidopsis sscd1 mutant (A) The phenotype of wild type (WT) and mutant seedlings grown under short day (SD) for 6 d (bars=0.2 cm); (B) The rate of seedlings death in sscd1 and sscd1/pad4 seedlings grown under SD. The values and error bars in the figure are means ± SE from three biological replicates. * indicates significant difference at P<0.05 (Student’s t-test).

图3 茉莉酸(JAs)响应基因在拟南芥野生型(WT)和突变体中的相对表达量图中数值和误差线为3次重复的平均值±标准误。* 表示差异显著(P<0.05) (Student’s t-test)。WT: 野生型

Figure 3 Relative expression level of jasmonates (JAs) responsive genes in Arabidopsis wild type (WT) and mutant seedlings The values and error bars in the figure are means ± SE from three biological replicates. * indicate significant differences at P<0.05 (Student’s t-test). WT: Wild type

图4 拟南芥突变体幼苗死亡率统计图中数值和误差线为3次重复的平均值±标准误。* 表示差异显著(P<0.05) (Student’s t-test)。

Figure 4 The rate of seedlings death in Arabidopsis mutants The values and error bars in the figure are means ± SE from three biological replicates. * indicates significant difference at P<0.05 (Student’s t-test).

图5 拟南芥突变体中酪氨酸(Tyr)降解基因的相对表达量图中数值和误差线为3次重复的平均值±标准误。* 表示差异显著(P<0.05) (Student’s t-test)。

Figure 5 Relative expression level of Tyrosine (Tyr) degradation gene in Arabidopsis mutant seedlings The values and error bars in the figure are means ± SE from three biological replicates. * indicate significant differences at P<0.05 (Student’s t-test).

图6 拟南芥突变体中单线态氧特异性诱导基因的相对表达量图中数值和误差线为3次重复的平均值±标准误,* 表示差异显著(P<0.05) (Student’s t-test)。

Figure 6 Relative expression level of singlet oxygen specific induced gene in Arabidopsis mutant seedlings The values and error bars in the figure are means ± SE from three biological replicates. * indicate significant differences at P<0.05 (Student’s t-test).

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