植物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (6): 912-931.DOI: 10.11983/CBB24127  cstr: 32102.14.CBB24127

• 特邀综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米开花期调控机理及育种应用

杨娟1,2,, 赵月磊3,, 陈晓远2, 王宝宝3,*(), 王海洋1,*()   

  1. 1华南农业大学生命科学学院, 亚热带农业生物保护与利用国家重点实验室, 广州 510642
    2韶关学院, 广东省粤北食药资源利用与保护重点实验室, 韶关 512005
    3中国农业科学院生物技术研究所, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-21 接受日期:2024-10-31 出版日期:2024-11-10 发布日期:2024-10-31
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: wangbaobao@caas.cn;whyang@scau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:

    †共同第一作者

  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后基金(2023M741228);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2023A1515110980);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2021A1515110138);国家自然科学基金(32401913)

Regulation Mechanism and Breeding Application of Flowering Time in Maize

Juan Yang1,2,, Yuelei Zhao3,, Xiaoyuan Chen2, Baobao Wang3,*(), Haiyang Wang1,*()   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
    2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
    3Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2024-08-21 Accepted:2024-10-31 Online:2024-11-10 Published:2024-10-31
  • Contact: *E-mail: wangbaobao@caas.cn;whyang@scau.edu.cn
  • About author:

    †These authors contributed equally to this paper

摘要: 玉米(Zea mays)是集粮食、饲料和工业原料于一身的重要农作物。开花期是作物适应不同生态环境及产量的关键决定因素。玉米开花期由营养生长时相转变和成花转变决定, 是植物内部因素(遗传因子和植物激素等)和外部环境因素共同作用的结果。鉴于玉米开花期性状的重要性, 该文从控制玉米开花期2次时相转变的组织结构基础、生理基础、遗传基础以及分子调控机理等方面系统总结了玉米开花期的遗传调控机制, 以及关键开花调控因子对玉米区域适应性的重要性, 并对玉米花期性状研究和应用的重点方向进行了讨论, 旨在加深我们对玉米开花期遗传调控的理解, 为培育广适的玉米新品种提供理论依据。

关键词: 玉米, 营养生长时相转变, 成花转变, 地域适应性

Abstract: Maize (Zea mays) is a staple crop worldwide, serving as a major source for food, feedstock, and industrial materials. Flowering time, a key agronomic trait determining diverse environmental adaptation and yield potential of crops, is determined by two developmental transitions (namely vegetative phase change and floral transition), and complicatedly regulated by internal factors (such as genetic factors and plant hormones) and external environmental factors. Given the importance of flowering time, in this review, we summarize the research progresses on the regulation of the two-phase transitions in maize, mainly focusing on the aspects of structural basis, physiological basis, genetic basis and molecular mechanisms. We also highlight the contribution of key flowering regulators to geographical adaptation of maize, and discuss future research directions on flowering and application in breeding, aiming to deepen our understanding of the genetic regulation of maize flowering and provide a theoretical basis for genetic improvement of maize cultivars adapting to diverse environmental conditions.

Key words: maize, vegetative phase change, floral transition, geographical adaptation