Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Physiological Response and DNA Damage of Ardisia mamillata and A. crenata Under Lead Stress

doi:10.11983/CBB21191

Abstract

Abstract: Lead (Pb) is a major abiotic constraint affecting plant growth. To compare the anti-lead ability of two Ardisiaspecies and investigate the physiological responses and DNA damage to the treatments of exogenous melatonin (MT) under lead stress, hydroponic experiment was carried out with 2-year-old seedlings of A. mamillata and A. crenata. The results showed that with the increasing of the lead stress concentration in the same period of time, the three antioxidant enzyme activities, proline (Pro) and soluble protein (SP) contents of the A. mamillata and A. crenata were all increased first and then decreased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased at first and then increased, the root tip callosin content continues to rise, DNA damage in roots was increased. After the application of appropriate concentrations of exogenous MT, the activities of antioxidant enzymes in both plants were effectively enhanced and reached a maximum at 100 µmol∙L^-1 MT treatment under different concentrations of Pb, and the contents of Pro and SP were significantly increased. However, the MDA content decreased significantly at first and then increased slowly. The root tip callosin content continues to increase and the root DNA damage was improved. With the increasing of MT concentration, the alleviating effect of melatonin on A. mamillata and A. crenata gradually weakened. A. crenata is more resistant to lead stress and its physiological response is more stable than A. mamillata. Exogenous application of MT can effectively alleviate the toxic effect of lead stress on A. mamillata and A. crenata (relief effect of A. crenata > A. mamillata), and enhance its tolerance to lead toxicity, among which 100 µmol∙L^-1 MT treatment has the best mitigation effect. We revealed the superiority of lead resistance of A. mamillata and A. crenata, and the alleviating effect of exogenous MT on lead poisoning, thus providing a theoretical reference for the study of lead resistance of Ardisia.

Key words: Ardisia mamillata, A. crenata, lead stress, melatonin, DNA damage

Jinxiang Ai, Jiayi Song, Zhenan Yan, Zhichao Wang, Wenqian Chen, Yuhuan Wu, Yanyan Wang, Leilei Pan, Yutao Xu, Peng Liu. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Physiological Response and DNA Damage of Ardisia mamillata and A. crenata Under Lead Stress[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2022, 57(2): 171-181.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB21191

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2022/V57/I2/171

Figures/Tables 6

Figure 1 Effects of different concentrations of melatonin on antioxidant enzyme system of Ardisia mamillata (A-C) and A. crenata (D-F) under lead stress Pb0, Pb100, and Pb600 represent 0, 100, and 600 µmol∙L-1 of Pb, respectively; MT0, MT50, MT100, MT150, and MT200 represent 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 µmol∙L-1 of melatonin, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among the treatments during the same stage at 0.05 level.

Figure 2 Effects of different concentrations of melatonin on the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) (A, B), proline (Pro) (C, D) and soluble protein (SP) (E, F) in leaves of Ardisia mamillata and A. crenata under lead stress (A), (C), (E) Ardisia mamillata; (B), (D), (F) A. crenata. Pb0, Pb100, Pb600, MT0, MT50, MT100, MT150, and MT200 are the same as shown in Figure 1. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among the treatments during the same stage at 0.05 level.

Figure 3 Effects of different concentrations of melatonin on callose content in root tips of Ardisia mamillata and A. crenata under lead stress Pb0, Pb100, Pb600, MT0, MT50, MT100, MT150, and MT200 are the same as shown in Figure 1. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among the treatments during the same stage at 0.05 level.

Figure 4 Effect of different concentrations of melatonin on tail length (A), tail DNA content (B), and tail moment (C) of Ardisia mamillata and A. crenata under lead stress Pb0, Pb100, Pb600, MT0, MT50, MT100, MT150, and MT200 are the same as shown in Figure 1. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among the treatments during the same stage at 0.05 level.

Figure 5 Effects of different concentrations of melatonin on DNA damage in roots of Ardisia mamillata (A) and A. crenata (B) under lead stress Bars=20 μm

Figure 6 Effects of different concentrations of melatonin on Olive tail moment (OTM) value in roots of Ardisia mamillata (A) and A. crenata (B) under lead stress Pb0, Pb100, Pb600, MT0, MT50, MT100, MT150, and MT200 are the same as in Figure 1. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among the treatments during the same stage at 0.05 level.

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