拟南芥无机氮素转运蛋白及其磷酸化调控研究进展

doi:10.11983/CBB14222

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氮元素是植物必需的营养元素之一, 氮素供需失衡会严重影响植物的生长发育。无机氮(硝酸根NO₃^-和铵根NH₄⁺)是植物体内氮素的主要来源, 对其有效吸收和利用依赖于多种类型转运蛋白的协同作用。其中, 部分无机氮素转运蛋白的活性受到可逆磷酸化作用的精准调控。该文将对模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)中硝酸根和铵根转运蛋白的分类、结构、定位和功能特点等进行总结, 并重点对可逆磷酸化调控转运蛋白的分子机制加以阐述。

关键词: 氮素, 硝酸根, 铵根, 转运蛋白, 磷酸化

Abstract: Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient element. Its supply and demand imbalance would seriously affect plant growth and development. Inorganic N (nitrate and ammonium radical) is the major N source in plant, with assimilation and transportation depending on synergistic action of various transport proteins. The activity of some inorganic N transporters is regulated at the post-translation level by phosphorylation. This review describes a global picture of the inorganic N transporters including their classification, molecular structure, location and biological function in Arabidopsis. The phosphorylation regulatory mechanisms of some inorganic N transporters are mainly discussed.

Key words: nitrogen, nitrate radical, ammonium radical, transport proteins, phosphorylation

张曦, 林金星, 单晓昳. 拟南芥无机氮素转运蛋白及其磷酸化调控研究进展. 植物学报, 2016, 51(1): 120-129.

Xi Zhang, Jinxing Lin, Xiaoyi Shan. Progress in Inorganic Nitrogen Transport Proteins and Their Phosphorylation Regulatory Mechanism in Arabidopsis. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2016, 51(1): 120-129.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB14222

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2016/V51/I1/120

图/表 4

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基因名称	主要组织定位	功能	参考文献
NRT1.1	根表皮、皮层和内皮层细胞、叶片保卫细胞	双亲和性硝酸根转运和信号感受	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.2	根表皮细胞	低亲和性硝酸根转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.4	叶柄	调节硝酸根在叶柄和叶片间的分配	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.6	珠柄	种子发育时的硝酸根供应	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.7	老叶小叶脉的韧皮部细胞	由老叶到幼叶的硝酸根再分配	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.8	根木质部薄壁细胞	调节硝酸根从根部到茎部的转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.9	根韧皮部伴胞	调节硝酸根从根部到茎部的转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.11/NRT1.12	成熟叶片主叶脉伴胞	由成熟叶片到幼叶的硝酸根再分配	Hsu and Tsay, 2013
NAXT1	根皮层细胞	硝酸根的外流	Wang et al., 2012
NRT2.1	根表皮和皮层细胞	高亲和性硝酸根转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT2.2	根部	高亲和性硝酸根转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT2.4	根表皮细胞	高亲和性硝酸根转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT2.7	成熟种子	通过转运将硝酸根储存在液泡中	Wang et al., 2012
CLCa/b	叶肉细胞	通过转运将硝酸根储存在液泡中	Wang et al., 2012
SLAC1/SLAH3	保卫细胞	硝酸根的外流	Wang et al., 2012
AMT1;1	根表皮细胞和皮层细胞	铵根离子吸收	Loqué and von Wirén, 2004
AMT1;2	根皮层和内皮层细胞	通过质外体向维管束转运铵根离子	Loqué and von Wirén, 2004
AMT1;3	根表皮细胞和皮层细胞	铵根离子吸收	Loqué and von Wirén, 2004
AMT1;4	花粉	花粉中特异转运铵根离子	Loqué and von Wirén, 2004

基因名称	主要组织定位	功能	参考文献
NRT1.1	根表皮、皮层和内皮层细胞、叶片保卫细胞	双亲和性硝酸根转运和信号感受	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.2	根表皮细胞	低亲和性硝酸根转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.4	叶柄	调节硝酸根在叶柄和叶片间的分配	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.6	珠柄	种子发育时的硝酸根供应	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.7	老叶小叶脉的韧皮部细胞	由老叶到幼叶的硝酸根再分配	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.8	根木质部薄壁细胞	调节硝酸根从根部到茎部的转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.9	根韧皮部伴胞	调节硝酸根从根部到茎部的转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT1.11/NRT1.12	成熟叶片主叶脉伴胞	由成熟叶片到幼叶的硝酸根再分配	Hsu and Tsay, 2013
NAXT1	根皮层细胞	硝酸根的外流	Wang et al., 2012
NRT2.1	根表皮和皮层细胞	高亲和性硝酸根转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT2.2	根部	高亲和性硝酸根转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT2.4	根表皮细胞	高亲和性硝酸根转运	Wang et al., 2012
NRT2.7	成熟种子	通过转运将硝酸根储存在液泡中	Wang et al., 2012
CLCa/b	叶肉细胞	通过转运将硝酸根储存在液泡中	Wang et al., 2012
SLAC1/SLAH3	保卫细胞	硝酸根的外流	Wang et al., 2012
AMT1;1	根表皮细胞和皮层细胞	铵根离子吸收	Loqué and von Wirén, 2004
AMT1;2	根皮层和内皮层细胞	通过质外体向维管束转运铵根离子	Loqué and von Wirén, 2004
AMT1;3	根表皮细胞和皮层细胞	铵根离子吸收	Loqué and von Wirén, 2004
AMT1;4	花粉	花粉中特异转运铵根离子	Loqué and von Wirén, 2004

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