植物激素研究中的化学生物学思路与应用

doi:10.11983/CBB19150

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植物激素是植物生长发育过程中必不可少的重要调节物质, 它们直接或间接参与调控从种子萌发到成熟的各个发育阶段以及对生物/非生物胁迫的响应。随着利用小分子化合物探究生物体生理代谢分子机制的不断发展, 植物生物学与化学之间一个新的前沿交叉学科——化学生物学随之诞生, 并在短时间内取得了重要进展。化学生物学的思路与方法在植物激素研究领域中起到了不可替代的作用, 尤其是在激素合成及信号转导研究领域。该文概述了主要植物激素的小分子类似物及其在植物生长发育和生物/非生物胁迫响应等方面的作用机制, 并讨论了激素类似物在实际生产中的应用潜力及未来的研究方向。

关键词: 植物激素, 化学生物学, 激素类似物, 分子功能, 发育

Abstract: Phytohormones are important regulatory substances for plant growth, directly or indirectly functioning in various developmental stages, from seed germination to maturity, as well as numerous biotic/abiotic stresses response. With the continuous improvement of small molecular compounds used to explore the molecular mechanisms of physiology and metabolism, chemical biology, a new frontier interdisciplinary discipline between plant biology and chemistry, was coined, and the important progresses have been achieved in a short time in the past several years. It has been revealed that the ideas and methods of chemical biology play an irreplaceable role in the research of plant hormones, especially in the area of plant signal transduction. This review summarizes the published small molecular analogs of major plant hormones, and outlines the mechanisms of how these small molecular analogs function in plant growth and development, and in response to biotic/abiotic stresses. Finally, the potential applications of these analogs in agricultural practice and future research directions were discussed.

Key words: phytohormones, chemical biology, hormone analogue, molecular function, development

徐佳慧, 代宇佳, 罗晓峰, 舒凯, 谭伟明. 植物激素研究中的化学生物学思路与应用. 植物学报, 2020, 55(3): 369-381.

Jiahui Xu, Yujia Dai, Xiaofeng Luo, Kai Shu, Weiming Tan. Thoughts and Applications of Chemical Biology in Phytohormonal Research. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2020, 55(3): 369-381.

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https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2020/V55/I3/369

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植物激素	类似物名称	功能	应用	参考文献
ABA	Pyrabactin	结合受体进行下游ABA信号转导, 显著抑制种子萌发, 响应干旱缺水胁迫	种子萌发抑制剂和抗蒸腾剂	Ma et al., 2009; Park et al., 2009
	AM1	参与调控ABA信号转导的基因表达, 响应干旱缺水胁迫及寒冷胁迫	高效结合受体的ABA激动剂	Cao et al., 2013; Okamoto et al., 2013
	AMF	高亲和力结合受体, 维持ABA诱导的基因长时间高表达, 特别是抗旱基因	抗旱剂	Cao et al., 2017
	Opabactin	高受体亲和力, 高ABA生物活性, 极显著抑制种子萌发, 具有抗旱活性及蒸腾效应, 激活ABA信号, 作用效果持久	抗蒸腾剂和ABA激动剂	Vaidya et al., 2019
GA	AC-94377	结合激活GA信号, 抑制GA生物合成基因的表达, 参与调节GA应答基因的转录	GID1激动剂	Jiang et al., 2017a
GA	67D及其衍生物	引发DELLA蛋白降解, 下调GA3ox1的表达水平, 具有与GA相同的信号通路	GID1激动剂	Jiang et al., 2017b
IAA	合成生长素类除草剂	参与TIR/AFB泛素途径, 激活ABA和乙烯生物合成基因, 诱导氧化应激	除草剂	Grossmann, 2010; Busi et al., 2018
	NBD-NAA/IAA	具有IAA转运特性, 模拟IAA运输并成像其运输位点, 可降低根系重力性	生长素运输模拟物	Hayashi et al., 2014
	IAA-FITC/RITC	具有游离生长素生物活性和运输能力	游离生长素类似物	Soko?owska et al., 2014
	RubNeddins	促进IAA共受体组装, 调控IAA信号, 调节根系生长发育	IAA激动剂	Vain et al., 2019
CTK	6-BA	促进细胞分裂, 加快果实生长, 促进芽的形成, 调控植物、微生物培养发酵	生物培养基的生长调节剂	Carimi et al., 2003; Zhang et al., 2016
CTK	TDZ	调控植物形态发生, 促进细胞分裂素合成, 调控植物激素信号转导, 促进应激基因表达, 增加应激信号分子	细胞分裂素类植物生长调节剂	Lu, 1993; Casanova et al., 2008
Ethylene	乙烯利	释放乙烯, 调控蜡质相关基因, 提高植物抗旱性, 促进乙烯受体基因的表达, 诱导果实脱落	催熟剂和生长延缓剂	Hagemann et al., 2015; Yu et al., 2017
Ethylene	1-甲基环丙烯	高亲和力结合受体, 抑制ACS、ACO基因表达, 降低相关酶活性, 抑制乙烯合成释放	乙烯受体抑制剂	Le Deunff and Lecourt, 2016
SL	GR24	促进种子萌发, 抑制芽生长, 微克级诱导丛枝菌根真菌分枝, 调控生长素运输	SL生理功能模拟物	Zwanenburg et al., 2009; Bromhead et al., 2014
SL	Sphynolactone-7	诱导Striga自杀式萌发, 激活高亲和力SL受体, 表现出纳米级SL效力	Striga自杀式萌发刺激剂	Uraguchi et al., 2018
JA	冠菌素	结合受体降解JAZ抑制因子, 促进逆境相关蛋白表达, 增加渗透调节物质, 提高植物抗逆性	茉莉酸类植物生长调节剂	Du et al., 2014; Zhou et al., 2015

植物激素	类似物名称	功能	应用	参考文献
ABA	Pyrabactin	结合受体进行下游ABA信号转导, 显著抑制种子萌发, 响应干旱缺水胁迫	种子萌发抑制剂和抗蒸腾剂	Ma et al., 2009; Park et al., 2009
	AM1	参与调控ABA信号转导的基因表达, 响应干旱缺水胁迫及寒冷胁迫	高效结合受体的ABA激动剂	Cao et al., 2013; Okamoto et al., 2013
	AMF	高亲和力结合受体, 维持ABA诱导的基因长时间高表达, 特别是抗旱基因	抗旱剂	Cao et al., 2017
	Opabactin	高受体亲和力, 高ABA生物活性, 极显著抑制种子萌发, 具有抗旱活性及蒸腾效应, 激活ABA信号, 作用效果持久	抗蒸腾剂和ABA激动剂	Vaidya et al., 2019
GA	AC-94377	结合激活GA信号, 抑制GA生物合成基因的表达, 参与调节GA应答基因的转录	GID1激动剂	Jiang et al., 2017a
GA	67D及其衍生物	引发DELLA蛋白降解, 下调GA3ox1的表达水平, 具有与GA相同的信号通路	GID1激动剂	Jiang et al., 2017b
IAA	合成生长素类除草剂	参与TIR/AFB泛素途径, 激活ABA和乙烯生物合成基因, 诱导氧化应激	除草剂	Grossmann, 2010; Busi et al., 2018
	NBD-NAA/IAA	具有IAA转运特性, 模拟IAA运输并成像其运输位点, 可降低根系重力性	生长素运输模拟物	Hayashi et al., 2014
	IAA-FITC/RITC	具有游离生长素生物活性和运输能力	游离生长素类似物	Soko?owska et al., 2014
	RubNeddins	促进IAA共受体组装, 调控IAA信号, 调节根系生长发育	IAA激动剂	Vain et al., 2019
CTK	6-BA	促进细胞分裂, 加快果实生长, 促进芽的形成, 调控植物、微生物培养发酵	生物培养基的生长调节剂	Carimi et al., 2003; Zhang et al., 2016
CTK	TDZ	调控植物形态发生, 促进细胞分裂素合成, 调控植物激素信号转导, 促进应激基因表达, 增加应激信号分子	细胞分裂素类植物生长调节剂	Lu, 1993; Casanova et al., 2008
Ethylene	乙烯利	释放乙烯, 调控蜡质相关基因, 提高植物抗旱性, 促进乙烯受体基因的表达, 诱导果实脱落	催熟剂和生长延缓剂	Hagemann et al., 2015; Yu et al., 2017
Ethylene	1-甲基环丙烯	高亲和力结合受体, 抑制ACS、ACO基因表达, 降低相关酶活性, 抑制乙烯合成释放	乙烯受体抑制剂	Le Deunff and Lecourt, 2016
SL	GR24	促进种子萌发, 抑制芽生长, 微克级诱导丛枝菌根真菌分枝, 调控生长素运输	SL生理功能模拟物	Zwanenburg et al., 2009; Bromhead et al., 2014
SL	Sphynolactone-7	诱导Striga自杀式萌发, 激活高亲和力SL受体, 表现出纳米级SL效力	Striga自杀式萌发刺激剂	Uraguchi et al., 2018
JA	冠菌素	结合受体降解JAZ抑制因子, 促进逆境相关蛋白表达, 增加渗透调节物质, 提高植物抗逆性	茉莉酸类植物生长调节剂	Du et al., 2014; Zhou et al., 2015