马银花MADS-box基因家族系统进化与表达分析

doi:10.11983/CBB22105

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 杜鹃花属具有极高的物种多样性和观赏价值, 其中马银花(Rhododendron ovatum)花型独特, 具有低海拔适应性, 在我国南方地区有良好的应用前景。基于杜鹃花目代表性植物的基因组信息, 探究MADS-box基因家族在杜鹃花目中的进化特点并挖掘马银花的花器官发育关键基因。系统进化分析表明, 杜鹃花科3个代表性物种(马银花、映山红(R. simsii)和马缨杜鹃(R. delavayi))中的MADS-box基因家族成员数目较为一致, 包括AP1、AP3、PI、AG和SEP等19个亚家族, 其中SVP、ANR1、Mα、Mβ和Mγ亚家族成员数量较多。马银花的AG和SEP基因有多个拷贝, 而AP3/PI基因的拷贝数目较少, 显示出更加保守的进化模式。基因表达分析表明, 马银花MADS-box基因的表达模式存在组织特异性。AP1、AP3/PI、AG、SEP和MIKC*分支基因在花器官中特异性表达。综上, 该文探讨了马银花MADS-box基因家族进化历史, 以及部分MADS-box基因可能具有的功能, 可为深入研究马银花的发育和MADS-box基因功能提供参考。

关键词: 马银花, 杜鹃花科, MADS-box基因家族, 花发育, 表达分析

Abstract: Rhododendron is famous for its diversity and ornamental value. Rhododendron ovatum has unique flower type and low-altitude adaptability, thus possessing landscape application prospect in southern China. In this study, we analyzed evolutionary pattern within Ericales based on recently published genomes, and identified key genes underlying flower development of R. ovatum. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the number of MADS-box genes in three representative species of Rhododendron (R. ovatum, R. simsii, and R. delavayi) was relatively consistent and can be divided into 19 subfamilies, including AP1, AP3, PI, AG, and SEP. MADS-box gene have expanded, especially SVP, ANR1, Mα, Mβ, and Mγ. Multiple copies were retained in AG and SEP clades in R. ovatum. While a few copies of AP3/PI gene, indicating a more conservative evolutionary pattern. The transcriptome data illustrated tissue-specific expression pattern in MADS-box genes, among which AP1, AP3/PI, AG, SEP and MIKC* genes are specifically expressed in floral organs. Overall, we discussed evolutionary history of MADS-box gene family in R. ovatum and proposed functions, providing reference for further study the flower development and functional analysis of MADS-box genes in R. ovatum.

Key words: Rhododendron ovatum, Ericaceae, MADS-box gene family, flower development, expression analysis

孙福辉, 方慧仪, 温小蕙, 张亮生. 马银花MADS-box基因家族系统进化与表达分析. 植物学报, 2023, 58(3): 404-416.

Fuhui Sun, Huiyi Fang, Xiaohui Wen, Liangsheng Zhang. Phylogenetic and Expression Analysis of MADS-box Gene Family in Rhododendron ovatum. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(3): 404-416.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB22105

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2023/V58/I3/404

图/表 7

图1 马银花和其它9种被子植物的系统发育树和MADS-box基因数

Figure 1 The phylogenetic tree and MADS-box gene numbers of Rhododendron ovatum and nine other species in the context of angiosperms

图2 马银花、拟南芥和葡萄MADS-box基因最大似然法系统发育树红色字体表示马银花中的同源基因。

Figure 2 Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree constructed by Rhododendron ovatum, Arabidopsis thaliana and Vitis vinifera MADS-box genes R. ovatum homologous genes are in red font.

图3 花发育关键基因最大似然法系统发育树 (A) AP1/FUL系统发育树; (B) AP3/PI系统发育树; (C) AG系统发育树; (D) SEP系统发育树。红色字体表示马银花中的同源基因。

Figure 3 Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees of floral identity genes (A) Phylogenetic tree of AP1/FUL genes; (B) Phylogenetic tree of AP3/PI genes; (C) Phylogenetic tree of AG genes; (D) Phylogenetic tree of SEP genes. Rhododendron ovatum homologous genes are in red font.

图4 马银花MADS-box蛋白序列的结构特征分析 (A) 马银花MADS-box基因系统发育树; (B) 保守基序分析; (C) 保守结构域分析

Figure 4 Analysis of structure of Rhododendron ovatum MADS-box protein (A) Phylogenetic tree of R. ovatum MADS-box genes; (B) Conserved motif analysis; (C) Conserved domain analysis

图5 马银花MADS-box蛋白的保守结构域 (A) MADS MEF2-like结构域; (B) K-box结构域; (C) MADS SRF-like结构域

Figure 5 Structures of Rhododendron ovaturn MADS-box proteins’ conserved domain (A) MADS MEF2-like domain; (B) K-box domain; (C) MADS SRF-like domain

图6 马银花MADS-box基因的染色体定位和共线性分析圆环从外到内依次代表基因在染色体上的定位、基因密度和共线性区域(红色连线为MADS-box基因)。

Figure 6 Chromosomal localization and collinearity analysis of Rhododendron ovatum MADS-box genes The tracks from outer to inner circles represent the gene location on chromosomes, gene density, and collinear regions (red lines indicate MADS-box genes).

图7 马银花MADS-box基因表达分析 (A) 马银花MADS-box基因在不同组织中的表达(红色基因名为花发育相关基因); (B) 马银花ABCE花发育模型(方块高度代表基因在花器官中的表达量)

Figure 7 Expression analysis of Rhododendron ovatum MADS-box genes (A) Expression analysis of R. ovatum MADS-box genes in different tissues (the floral identity genes are in red); (B) Proposed ABCE flower development model of R. ovatum (the bar height represents the expression level)

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