 
	Chinese Bulletin of Botany ›› 2019, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 293-295.DOI: 10.11983/CBB19063 cstr: 32102.14.CBB19063
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Received:2019-03-29
															
							
															
							
																	Accepted:2019-03-31
															
							
																	Online:2019-05-01
															
							
																	Published:2019-05-20
															
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								Zhaojun Ding   
													Kongqin Hu, Zhaojun Ding. A TIR1-independent Auxin Signaling Module[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2019, 54(3): 293-295.
 
																													Figure 1 Pathway of auxin signal transduction The perception of low levels of auxin is mainly mediated through the TIR1 receptor, which ubiquitinates and degrades Aux/IAAs proteins, and thus de-represses ARFs to activate downstream gene transcription and trigger auxin responses. Higher levels of auxin activate TMK1, which phosphorylates and stabilizes non-canonical IAA32/34, and repress ARFs activities. The TMK1-IAA32/34-ARFs module interprets how the local auxin accumulation modulates asymmetric growth during apical hook development.
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