单列毛壳菌通过促进秸秆降解并调控激素响应基因表达促进玉米生长

doi:10.11983/CBB21147

植物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4): 422-433.DOI: 10.11983/CBB21147

单列毛壳菌通过促进秸秆降解并调控激素响应基因表达促进玉米生长

李月¹, 胡德升¹, 谭金芳², 梅浩¹, 王祎¹, 李慧¹, 李芳¹^,^*(), 韩燕来¹^,^*()

¹河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450002
²中山大学农学院, 广州 510275

收稿日期:2021-08-27 修回日期:2022-01-13 出版日期:2022-07-01 发布日期:2022-07-14
通讯作者: 李芳,韩燕来
作者简介:hylai@henau.edu.cn
* E-mail: fangli0901@henau.edu.cn;
基金资助:
河南省教育厅高等学校重点应用研究项目(21A210012);国家自然科学基金(42007005);河南省青年人才托举工程(2022HYTP036)

Chaetomium uniseriatum Promotes Maize Growth by Accelerating Straw Degradation and Regulating the Expression of Hormone Responsive Genes

Li Yue¹, Hu Desheng¹, Tan Jinfang², Mei Hao¹, Wang Yi¹, Li Hui¹, Li Fang¹^,^*(), Han Yanlai¹^,^*()

¹College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
²School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

Received:2021-08-27 Revised:2022-01-13 Online:2022-07-01 Published:2022-07-14
Contact: Li Fang,Han Yanlai

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究生防真菌单列毛壳菌(Chaetomium uniseriatum)对秸秆降解和玉米(Zea mays)生长的影响, 将单列毛壳菌接种到玉米盆栽土壤中, 其它条件不变, 以保证单一变量。于拔节期和抽雄期进行采样, 通过测定土壤有机碳、土壤可溶性碳/氮、微生物量碳/氮以及酶活性, 探究接种单列毛壳菌对土壤生物化学指标的影响。在抽雄期对秸秆降解率、地上部生物量、叶片SPAD值、玉米根系激素含量及根系转录组进行分析, 探究接种单列毛壳菌对秸秆降解和玉米植株生长发育的影响。结果表明, 接种单列毛壳菌后, 土壤养分含量未出现显著性变化, β-葡萄糖苷酶(β-GC)活性显著降低; 抽雄期玉米地上部生物量、叶片SPAD值以及秸秆降解率均显著高于对照组; 玉米根系生长激素(IAA)和玉米素(ZR)含量均显著低于对照组。不同处理下玉米根系转录组分析筛选得到990个差异表达基因(383个基因表达上调, 607个基因表达下调); 对差异基因进行GO富集分析, 得到5个植物激素相关的条目; KEGG富集分析得到1个与植物激素相关的通路(P value<0.05, Q value<0.05)。综上, 单列毛壳菌通过促进秸秆降解以及调控作物根系激素响应基因的表达, 进而促进玉米生长。

关键词: 单列毛壳菌, 转录组, 植物激素, 秸秆降解, 土壤养分

Abstract: To explore the effect of Chaetomium uniseriatum on straw degradation and maize growth, C. uniseriatum was inoculated into pots planted with maize, with other conditions unchanged to ensure a single variable. The soil organic carbon, microbial biomass C/N, dissolved organic C/N content and enzymes activities were measured to assess the response of soil biochemical properties to C. uniseriatum inoculation at jointing and tasseling stage. The degradation rate of straw, aboveground biomass, SPAD value of leaves, root hormones and root transcriptomes were investigated to verify the influence of C. uniseriatum on the growth of maize. The soil nutrients content did not change significantly in inoculated treatments, while the activity of β-glucosidase (β-GC) decreased significantly. At tasseling stage, the aboveground biomass, SPAD value of leaves and degradation rate of straw were significantly enhanced in inoculated treatments as compared with the control. The contents of auxin (IAA) and zeatin (ZR) in maize roots were significantly lower than those in control. Transcriptome analysis of maize roots revealed that there were 990 differentially expressed genes (607 down regulated and 383 up regulated) between the two treatments. Five GO terms associated with regulation of plant hormones were enriched, and one hormone related pathway was enriched significantly (P value<0.05, Q value<0.05) according to KEGG annotation. Our study revealed that C. uniseriatum could improve maize growth by accelerating straw degradation and regulating the expression of hormone response genes in roots.

Key words: Chaetomium uniseriatum, transcriptome, phytohormone, straw degradation, soil nutrients

李月, 胡德升, 谭金芳, 梅浩, 王祎, 李慧, 李芳, 韩燕来. 单列毛壳菌通过促进秸秆降解并调控激素响应基因表达促进玉米生长. 植物学报, 2022, 57(4): 422-433.

Li Yue, Hu Desheng, Tan Jinfang, Mei Hao, Wang Yi, Li Hui, Li Fang, Han Yanlai. Chaetomium uniseriatum Promotes Maize Growth by Accelerating Straw Degradation and Regulating the Expression of Hormone Responsive Genes. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2022, 57(4): 422-433.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB21147

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2022/V57/I4/422

图/表 8

图1 不同浓度色氨酸条件下单列毛壳菌产生生长素(IAA)的浓度不同小写字母表示在5%水平差异显著(n=4)。

Figure 1 The concentration of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) produced by Chaetomium uniseriatum with different concentrations of tryptophan Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at 5% level (n=4).

图2 不同时期土壤性质相对于对照的变化倍数图中数值为土壤性质相对于对照的变化倍数, * 表示在5%水平差异显著。DOC: 可溶性碳; MBC: 微生物量碳; DON: 可溶性氮; MBN: 微生物量氮; NAG: N-乙酰-β,D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶; β-GC: β-葡萄糖苷酶; SOC: 土壤有机碳

Figure 2 Fold change of soil properties relative to the control in different periods The values in the figure are the change fold of soil properties relative to the control. * indicated significant differences at 5% level. DOC: Dissolved organic carbon; MBC: Microbial biomass carbon; DON: Dissolved organic nitrogen; MBN: Microbial biomass nitrogen; NAG: N-acetyl-β,D-glucosaminidase; β-GC: β-glucosidase; SOC: Soil organic carbon

图3 接种单列毛壳菌对玉米生理特性的影响 (A) 玉米根系生长素(IAA)含量; (B) 玉米根系脱落酸(ABA)含量; (C) 玉米根系赤霉素(GA)含量; (D) 玉米根系玉米素(ZR)含量; (E) 玉米地上部生物量; (F) 网袋内秸秆降解率; (G) 玉米叶片SPAD值。* 表示5%水平差异显著(n=4)。CK表示对照处理; T表示接菌处理。

Figure 3 Effects of Chaetomium uniseriatum inoculation on maize physiological characteristics (A) Auxin (IAA) content in maize roots; (B) Abscisic acid (ABA) content in maize roots; (C) Gibberellin (GA) content in maize roots; (D) Zeatin (ZR) content in maize roots; (E) Aboveground biomass of maize; (F) Degradation rate of straw in net bag; (G) SPAD value of maize leaves. * indicated significant differences at 5% level (n=4). CK represents the control treatment; T represents the inoculation treatment.

图4 接种单列毛壳菌后玉米差异表达基因分析 (A) 上调和下调基因的数量; (B) 差异表达基因的GO功能注释分类

Figure 4 Analysis of differentially expressed genes in maize after inoculation with Chaetomium uniseriatum (A) The number of up-regulated/down-regulated genes; (B) The results of GO annotation on differentially expressed genes

图5 差异表达基因的KEGG通路富集散点图 * 表示P value<0.05且Q value<0.05。

Figure 5 Scatter plot of KEGG enrichment of differentially expressed genes * indicated P value<0.05 and Q value<0.05.

图6 植物激素信号转导通路相关基因聚类分析 CK1-CK4: 对照处理; T1-T4: 接菌处理

Figure 6 Cluster analysis of genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction pathway CK1-CK4: Control; T1-T4: Inoculation treatment

表1 抗病相关基因表达情况

Table 1 Expression of genes associated with disease resistance

Gene	log₂(FoldChange)	P value	Gene description
Zm00001d032724*	-1.541	0.000	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d035172*	-0.901	0.041	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d030888	-0.327	0.227	Probable disease resistance protein
Zm00001d054090	-1.297	0.259	Protein enhanced disease resistance 2
Zm00001d041343	-0.278	0.307	Probable disease resistance protein
Zm00001d043197	-0.549	0.349	Probable disease resistance protein
Zm00001d052992	-0.251	0.368	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d021491	-0.267	0.370	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d041358	-1.208	0.394	NBS-LRR disease resistance protein-like
Zm00001d043233	-0.239	0.407	Disease resistance gene analog PIC21
Zm00001d031711	-0.529	0.435	Disease resistance gene analog PIC15
Zm00001d032510	-0.632	0.473	Putative disease resistance RPP13-like protein 1
Zm00001d006873	-0.329	0.517	Disease resistance response protein-like; protein
Zm00001d007776	-0.298	0.519	Disease resistance protein RGA2
Zm00001d024681	-0.599	0.547	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d017954	-0.179	0.554	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d049121	-0.296	0.582	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d035973	-0.159	0.601	Protein enhanced disease resistance 2
Zm00001d048663	-0.180	0.611	Disease resistance protein RGA2
Zm00001d024977	-0.376	0.623	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d014654	-0.130	0.651	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d034555	-0.179	0.653	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d006755	-0.260	0.658	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d021564	-0.936	0.681	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d014876	-0.104	0.726	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d037648	-0.090	0.753	Disease resistance protein RPP13
Zm00001d024975	-0.111	0.756	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d048639	-0.147	0.762	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d007935	-0.593	0.781	Disease resistance response protein 206
Zm00001d007630	-0.051	0.844	Disease resistance protein RPS2
Zm00001d023923	-0.056	0.872	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d045512	-0.177	0.886	Putative disease resistance RPP13-like protein 3
Zm00001d044172	-0.022	0.903	SGT1 disease resistance protein homolog1
Zm00001d045335	-0.027	0.916	Putative disease resistance RPP13-like protein 1
Zm00001d052389	-0.094	0.923	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d048637	-0.062	0.950	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d048635	-0.282	0.971	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d032166	-0.016	0.975	Protein enhanced disease resistance 2
Zm00001d053244	-0.002	1.000	Disease resistance protein (TIR-NBS class)
Zm00001d048613	-0.031	1.000	Disease resistance protein RGA2

表1 抗病相关基因表达情况

Table 1 Expression of genes associated with disease resistance

Gene	log₂(FoldChange)	P value	Gene description
Zm00001d032724*	-1.541	0.000	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d035172*	-0.901	0.041	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d030888	-0.327	0.227	Probable disease resistance protein
Zm00001d054090	-1.297	0.259	Protein enhanced disease resistance 2
Zm00001d041343	-0.278	0.307	Probable disease resistance protein
Zm00001d043197	-0.549	0.349	Probable disease resistance protein
Zm00001d052992	-0.251	0.368	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d021491	-0.267	0.370	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d041358	-1.208	0.394	NBS-LRR disease resistance protein-like
Zm00001d043233	-0.239	0.407	Disease resistance gene analog PIC21
Zm00001d031711	-0.529	0.435	Disease resistance gene analog PIC15
Zm00001d032510	-0.632	0.473	Putative disease resistance RPP13-like protein 1
Zm00001d006873	-0.329	0.517	Disease resistance response protein-like; protein
Zm00001d007776	-0.298	0.519	Disease resistance protein RGA2
Zm00001d024681	-0.599	0.547	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d017954	-0.179	0.554	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d049121	-0.296	0.582	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d035973	-0.159	0.601	Protein enhanced disease resistance 2
Zm00001d048663	-0.180	0.611	Disease resistance protein RGA2
Zm00001d024977	-0.376	0.623	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d014654	-0.130	0.651	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d034555	-0.179	0.653	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d006755	-0.260	0.658	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d021564	-0.936	0.681	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d014876	-0.104	0.726	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d037648	-0.090	0.753	Disease resistance protein RPP13
Zm00001d024975	-0.111	0.756	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d048639	-0.147	0.762	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d007935	-0.593	0.781	Disease resistance response protein 206
Zm00001d007630	-0.051	0.844	Disease resistance protein RPS2
Zm00001d023923	-0.056	0.872	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d045512	-0.177	0.886	Putative disease resistance RPP13-like protein 3
Zm00001d044172	-0.022	0.903	SGT1 disease resistance protein homolog1
Zm00001d045335	-0.027	0.916	Putative disease resistance RPP13-like protein 1
Zm00001d052389	-0.094	0.923	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d048637	-0.062	0.950	Disease resistance RPP13-like protein 4
Zm00001d048635	-0.282	0.971	Disease resistance protein RPM1
Zm00001d032166	-0.016	0.975	Protein enhanced disease resistance 2
Zm00001d053244	-0.002	1.000	Disease resistance protein (TIR-NBS class)
Zm00001d048613	-0.031	1.000	Disease resistance protein RGA2

图7 单列毛壳菌促进玉米生长的机制 IAA: 生长素; Asp: 天冬氨酸; Ala: 丙氨酸; Glu: 谷氨酸

Figure 7 Mechanism of maize growth promotion by Chaetomium uniseriatum IAA: Auxin; Asp: Aspartate; Ala: Alanine; Glu: Glutamate

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单列毛壳菌通过促进秸秆降解并调控激素响应基因表达促进玉米生长

Chaetomium uniseriatum Promotes Maize Growth by Accelerating Straw Degradation and Regulating the Expression of Hormone Responsive Genes

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