植物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (1): 23-36.doi: 10.11983/CBB18064

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

异源过表达OsATG8b基因提高转基因拟南芥的 氮/碳胁迫耐受性和产量

甄晓溪,刘浩然,李鑫,徐凡(),张文忠()   

  1. 沈阳农业大学水稻研究所, 农业部东北水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 北方超级粳稻育种教育部重点实验室, 沈阳 110866
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-12 接受日期:2018-07-16 出版日期:2019-01-01 发布日期:2019-07-31
  • 通讯作者: 徐凡,张文忠 E-mail:celiafanfan@163.com;zwzhong@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200200)

Heterologous Overexpression of Autophagy-related Gene OsATG8b from Rice Confers Tolerance to Nitrogen/Carbon Starvation and Increases Yield in Arabidopsis

Zhen Xiaoxi,Liu Haoran,Li Xin,Xu Fan(),Zhang Wenzhong()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and Breedings, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
  • Received:2018-03-12 Accepted:2018-07-16 Online:2019-01-01 Published:2019-07-31
  • Contact: Xu Fan,Zhang Wenzhong E-mail:celiafanfan@163.com;zwzhong@126.com

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摘要：

氮素是参与植物生长发育的一种重要元素, 对植物的产量和品质具有重要作用。自噬是真核生物中一种保守的细胞组分降解-循环再利用途径, 在植物生长发育和籽粒形成期间的氮素再动员过程中发挥作用。我们鉴定到水稻(Oryza sativa)自噬核心基因OsATG8b, 并获得2个独立的35S-OsATG8b转基因拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)纯合株系。研究表明OsATG8b基因响应低氮胁迫处理, 过表达OsATG8b基因促进转基因拟南芥的生长发育, 使莲座叶增大, 单株产量显著提高(15.16%)。进一步研究表明, 过表达OsATG8b能够显著增强缺氮胁迫下转基因拟南芥叶片中的自噬活性, 从而有效缓解氮胁迫和碳胁迫对转基因拟南芥造成的生长抑制。因此, OsATG8b是提高氮素利用效率和产量的候选基因。

关键词: 自噬, OsATG8b, 氮素再利用, 产量

Abstract:

Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development and plays an important role in plant yield and quality. Autophagy is a conserved degradation-recycle pathway of cellular components in eukaryotes that plays an important role in nitrogen remobilization during plant growth and grain formation. We identified an autophagy core gene OsATG8b in rice and obtained 2 independent 35S-OsATG8b transgenic Arabidopsis homozygous lines. The expression of OsATG8b responded to nitrogen starvation in rice. Overexpression of OsATG8b promoted the growth and development of transgenic Arabidopsis, with rosette leaves larger than wild-type leaves. In addition, the yield increased significantly, by 15.16%. In addition, overexpression of OsATG8b could significantly enhance autophagic activity in leaves of transgenic Arabidopsis under nitrogen deficiency and effectively alleviate the growth inhibition of transgenic Arabidopsis caused by nitrogen and carbon stress. OsATG8b may be a good candidate gene for increasing nitrogen use efficiency and yield.

Key words: autophagy, OsATG8b, nitrogen remobilization, yield

表1

引物信息"

Primer name Sequence (5′-3′) Function
cOsATG8b-F CCATTCAAGTGGATGGCCAAGAGCTCGTTCAAGC Gene cloning
cOsATG8b-R GGTGACCTAGAGCAGCCCAAAGGTGTTCTCG Gene cloning
cpOsATG8b-F AAGCTTAAAATTAAATAAGACGAACAGTCAAACG Gene cloning
cpOsATG8b-R CCATGGCGCTCCTTCCTGCACACAAT Gene cloning
rtOsATG8b-F GCTGATCTTACCGTTGGGCA Real-time RT-PCR
rtOsATG8b-R ATCAGAGCAGCTGTTGGTGG Real-time RT-PCR
rtAtAMT1-F GCCTCTGCTGACTACTCCAACTT Real-time RT-PCR
rtAtAMT1-R GACCAGAACCAGTGAGAGACGA Real-time RT-PCR
rtAtNR1-F AGGATGGGCTAGTAAGCATAAGG Real-time RT-PCR
rtAtNR1-R GCAAACTGAATCATAGGCGGTG Real-time RT-PCR
rtAtGS2-F CACCAAACCTTACTCTCTGACA Real-time RT-PCR
rtAtGS2-R CACTATCTTCACCAGGTGCTTG Real-time RT-PCR
rtAtGDH1-F GCTTTAGCAGCAACAAACAGAA Real-time RT-PCR
rtAtGDH1-R TGAGCCAATGCGTTCACTTC Real-time RT-PCR
rtACTIN1-F ACCATTGGTGCTGAGCGTTT Real-time RT-PCR
rtACTIN1-R CGCAGCTTCCATTCCTATGAA Real-time RT-PCR
rtTIP41-F GTATGAAGATGAACTGGCTGACAAT Real-time RT-PCR
rtTIP41-R ATCAACTCTCAGCCAAAATCGCAAG Real-time RT-PCR

图1

氮胁迫处理诱导水稻幼苗叶片及根中OsATG8b基因的表达 (A) 全氮条件下生长14天的水稻幼苗转移至全氮(NS)、低氮(NL)和缺氮(ND)条件下生长1和3天时叶片中OsATG8b基因的表达量; (B) 全氮、低氮和缺氮条件下生长1和3天的水稻根系中OsATG8b基因的表达量。图中数据为平均值±标准差, n=16, 实验经3次生物学重复。**表示全氮条件与低氮和缺氮条件相比差异显著(P<0.01) (Student’s t-test)。"

表2

野生型和35S-OsATG8b转基因拟南芥的抽薹及开花 时间"

WT L-13 L-14
Bloting time (d) 36.56±1.58 30.78±2.07** 31.39±1.91**
Flowering time (d) 42.67±1.75 35.94±1.98** 36.61±1.94**

表3

野生型和35S-OsATG8b转基因拟南芥的产量性状"

Total number of siliques Yield per plant (mg) Thousand grain weight (mg)
WT 35.74±3.86 85.34±7.89 14.87±0.23
L-13 46.26±3.13** 100.13±6.02** 16.36±0.21**
L-14 48.22±3.62** 99.77±5.76** 17.54±0.41**

图2

过表达OsATG8b促进转基因拟南芥生长发育 将苗龄8天的野生型(WT)和35S-OsATG8b转基因拟南芥幼苗移入蛭石-营养土(1:3, v/v)中。(A) 苗龄14天的35S-OsATG8b转基因拟南芥和WT幼苗中OsATG8b的表达水平; (B) 由上至下依次为移苗后10、17和24天的拟南芥表型; (C) 移苗后42天的表型; (D) 不同苗龄的35S-OsATG8b转基因拟南芥和WT的最大莲座叶半径; (E) 株高; (F) 总叶绿素含量; (G) 可溶性蛋白含量。Days: 萌发后天数。图中数据为平均值±标准差, n=24, * P<0.05, ** P<0.01 (Student’s t-test), 实验经3次生物学重复。Bars=1 cm"

图3

过表达OsATG8b促进转基因拟南芥抵抗缺氮胁迫 (A) 将苗龄7天的35S-OsATG8b转基因和野生型(WT)拟南芥幼苗分别移入全氮(NS)和缺氮(ND)1/2MS培养基中培养9天后的表型; (B)-(D) 分别为全氮(NS)和缺氮(ND)处理9天的35S-OsATG8b转基因和WT拟南芥幼苗的鲜重, 叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量; (E) 苗龄7天的35S-OsATG8b转基因和WT拟南芥幼苗全氮(NS)和缺氮(ND)垂直培养9天后的表型; (F)-(H) 分别为全氮(NS)和缺氮(ND)处理9天的35S-OsATG8b转基因和WT拟南芥幼苗的主根长、地上部和地下部鲜重; (I), (J) 分别为苗龄10天的ProOsATG8b-GUS转基因拟南芥经缺氮处理和10 μmol·L-1水杨酸(SA)处理24小时后的GUS组织化学染色结果。Mock代表未经处理的拟南芥。数据为平均值±标准差, n=16, *和**分别表示各转基因株系与WT之间差异显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01) (Student’s t-test), 实验经3次生物学重复。Bars=5 mm"

图4

过表达OsATG8b促进转基因拟南芥抵抗黑暗诱导的碳胁迫 (A) 对苗龄7天的35S-OsATG8b转基因拟南芥和野生型(WT)黑暗处理10天后记录表型(左为处理前, 右为处理后); (B) 叶绿素含量测定。数据为平均值±标准差, n=10, *表示各转基因株系与WT之间差异显著(P<0.05) (Student’s t-test), 实验经3次生物学重复。Bars=5 mm"

图5

缺氮条件下过表达OsATG8b转基因拟南芥中的自噬活性增加 将苗龄7天的35S-OsATG8b转基因(L-14)和野生型(WT)拟南芥幼苗转移至含有1 μmol·L-1 ConA的缺氮培养液中处理12小时后进行MDC染色, 于激光共聚焦显微镜下观察自噬体荧光。Bars=10 μm"

图6

过表达OsATG8b转基因拟南芥中氮代谢关键基因的表达变化 将7天苗龄的35S-OsATG8b转基因和野生型(WT)拟南芥移至全氮(NS)和缺氮(ND) 1/2MS培养基处理14天。(A) 35S-OsATG8b转基因和WT拟南芥中地上部氮代谢相关基因相对表达水平; (B) 地下部氮代谢相关基因相对表达水平。数据为平均值±标准差, n=10, *和**分别表示各转基因株系与WT之间差异显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01) (Student’s t-test), 实验经3次生物学重复。"

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