植物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (2): 278-290.DOI: 10.11983/CBB23088

• 专题论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物性别决定基因及其表观遗传调控研究进展

罗兰莎1, 宋雯佩1, 化青珠1, 李大卫2, 梁红1, 张宪智1,*()   

  1. 1仲恺农业工程学院园艺园林学院, 广州 510225
    2中国科学院武汉植物园, 武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-03 接受日期:2023-12-19 出版日期:2024-03-01 发布日期:2023-12-21
  • 通讯作者: * 张宪智, 仲恺农业工程学院副教授。团队聚焦雌雄异株植物性别决定的分子机制, 近年来以我国特有的药用与工业树种杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides)为研究对象, 基于多组学技术和分子生物学手段开展性染色体与性别决定基因鉴定, 已发表SCI论文5篇, 授权发明专利1项。E-mail: zhangxianzhi@zhku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广东省林业科技创新项目(2021KJCX015);广东省重点领域研发计划(2021B0707010001)

Research Progress on Plant Sex-determination Genes and Their Epigenetic Regulation

Lansha Luo1, Wenpei Song1, Qingzhu Hua1, Dawei Li2, Hong Liang1, Xianzhi Zhang1,*()   

  1. 1College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
    2Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
  • Received:2023-07-03 Accepted:2023-12-19 Online:2024-03-01 Published:2023-12-21
  • Contact: * E-mail: zhangxianzhi@zhku.edu.cn

摘要: 雌雄异株植物的性别决定机制是繁殖生物学、进化与生态学等多个学科的前沿热点问题。近年来, 一些重要经济作物如芦笋(Asparagus officinalis)、猕猴桃(Actinidia spp.)和杨树(Populus spp.)的性别决定机制已被揭示, 并应用于性别特异性产品开发和两性新品种培育。该文先从植物性染色体和性别决定基因两方面系统分析植物性别决定的遗传学基础, 并深入讨论非编码RNA和DNA甲基化两类表观遗传调控途径在性别决定分子通路中的作用。在此基础上, 提出后续有待开展植物性别决定基因间的比较研究, 并深入解析植物性别决定中的表观遗传调控机制, 以深化对雌雄异株植物性别决定分子机制的认识并扩展其在农业生产上的应用价值。

关键词: 雌雄异株植物, 性染色体, 性别决定基因, 非编码RNA, DNA甲基化

Abstract: The mechanism of sex determination in dioecious plants is a hot topic in reproductive biology, evolution and ecology, and so on. During recent years, the sex determination genes of several important crops, such as asparagus, kiwifruit, and poplar, have been revealed and applied to produce sex-specific products. New germplasms with bisexual flowers have also been developed for molecular breeding. In this review, the genetic bases of sex determination were systematically analyzed from the aspects of sex chromosomes and sex-determination genes in dioecious plants. Subsequently, the epigenetic regulatory roles of non-coding RNA and DNA methylation in plant sex determination were discussed. Finally, it was suggested that further comparative studies of sex determination genes among different dioecious plants should be carried out. More efforts are also needed to pay on the epigenetic regulations of plant sex determination. This work will not only facilitate to understand the molecular mechanisms of sex determination in dioecious plants, but also help to expand the application values of sex determination studies.

Key words: dioecious plants, sex chromosome, sex-determination genes, non-coding RNA, DNA methylation