植物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 385-395.DOI: 10.11983/CBB18151
收稿日期:
2018-07-02
接受日期:
2018-08-09
出版日期:
2019-05-01
发布日期:
2019-11-24
通讯作者:
王建华
基金资助:
Yuekai Su,Jingren Qiu,Han Zhang,Zhenqiao Song,Jianhua Wang()
Received:
2018-07-02
Accepted:
2018-08-09
Online:
2019-05-01
Published:
2019-11-24
Contact:
Jianhua Wang
摘要: CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑技术是一项对基因组进行精准修饰的技术, 可实现对靶标基因的碱基插入、缺失或DNA片段替换。随着人们对CRISPR/Cas9系统的了解逐渐加深, 其在科研、农业和医疗等领域的应用也越来越广泛。该文简要介绍了CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑技术的发展以及工作原理, 总结了近几年对该技术进行优化与改进的研究进展, 包括基因组编辑效率的提升、基因组编辑范围的扩展、单碱基精准编辑以及多基因同时编辑、基因组编辑安全性的提升以及基因片段替换与基因靶向转录调控, 以期为深入开展这一领域的研究提供参考。
苏钺凯,邱镜仁,张晗,宋振巧,王建华. CRISPR/Cas9系统在植物基因组编辑中技术改进与创新的研究进展. 植物学报, 2019, 54(3): 385-395.
Yuekai Su,Jingren Qiu,Han Zhang,Zhenqiao Song,Jianhua Wang. Recent Progress in Evolutionary Technology of CRISPR/Cas9 System for Plant Genome Editing. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2019, 54(3): 385-395.
图1 CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑原理(Jiang and Doudna, 2017)来自酿脓链球菌(Streptococcus pyogenes)的Cas9蛋白(SpCas9)与包含20 nt识别序列的向导RNA (sgRNA)结合, 然后定向切割位于原型间隔序列毗邻基序(PAM)区域上游的靶序列造成双链断裂(DSB), 最终借助生物体内自身修复实现基因组编辑。
Figure 1 The schematic diagram of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing (Jiang and Doudna, 2017)The Cas9 protein from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9) and associated guide RNA (sgRNA), containing a 20 nt recognition sequence, will cleave a target sequence located upstream of the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) region, resulting in double-strand break (DSB). Ultimately use the repair in the organism to achieve genome editing.
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