Making Sense of Cold Signaling: ICE is Cold or not Cold?

doi:10.11983/CBB18039

Abstract

Abstract:

Cold (chilling or freezing) stress affects the growth and geographical distribution of plants, and it is one of the main factors that restricts crop yield and quality. Plants respond to cold signals by activating a series of effectors to adapt to cold stress. MAP protein kinase family plays a crucial role in plant response to environmental stresses, but it remains unclear whether they are directly involved in perception, transduction or/and networks in cold signaling. Recently, three research groups in China highlight the important role of MAP kinase in cold signaling transduction in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, respectively. Low temperature activates MPK kinase that phosphorylates the ICE1 protein. Stability of ICE1 is controlled by MAP kinase mediated ICE phosphorylation, thus regulating freezing and chilling tolerance in plants. Their studies have advanced our understanding of the ICE1-mediated network of plant cold responses, which is an important breakthrough in the field. The outcome of these studies would provide a powerful theoretical basis for future molecular design breeding in crops.

Key words: cold response, phosphorylation, MAPK cascades, ICE1, OsTPP1

Duan Zhikun, Qin Xiaohui, Zhu Xiaohong, Song Chunpeng. Making Sense of Cold Signaling: ICE is Cold or not Cold?[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2018, 53(2): 149-153.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB18039

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2018/V53/I2/149

Figures/Tables 1

Figure 1 A proposed working model shows the roles of MAP kinase cascades during the cold response in Arabidopsis and riceLow temperature induces changes in cytoplasmic calcium signaling. In Arabidopsis, calcium/calmodulin regulated receptor-like kinase 1 and 2 (CRLK1 and CRLK2) are activated by cold signal, and then initiate MEKK1-MKK2-MPK4 cascade, which suppresses cold-induced activation of MPK3/6, thus positively regulating cold tolerance. MKK4/5-MPK3/6 cascades can also be rapidly activated in cold stress in parallel with MEKK1-MKK2-MPK4. Constitutively activated MPK3/6 by MKK5 phosphorylate ICE1 to promote degradation of ICE1, which decreases the transcriptional activity of CBFs, thus negatively regulating cold to- lerance in Arabidopsis. OST1 also phosphorylates and affects the stability of ICE1, and positively regulate cold tolerance. In rice, cold signal induces the activation of OsMAPK3 that phosphorylates the OsICE1 and inhibits OsICE1 degradation by interrupting the interaction of OsHOS1 and OsICE1 to maintain the stability of OsICE1. Phosphorylated OsICE1 activates the transcription of OsTPP1 to promote the accumulation of trehalose, and enhances the cold tolerance of rice. (Arrows represent activation, and bars represent inhibition, dotted lines represent unknown mechanisms. Red lines represent signal pathways in Arabidopsis, and black lines represent signal pathways in rice)

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