Research Progress in Protein Phosphorylation in Plant-pathogen Interactions

doi:10.11983/CBB18219

Abstract

Abstract: Reversible protein phosphorylation is a common mechanism regulating plant signaling pathways. Phosphorylation of key components in plant-pathogen interactions affects the activation of defense signaling. Many pathogens attack the plant immune system and enhance pathogenic toxicity by disturbing the phosphorylation status of defense regulators. In this review, we summarize the phosphorylation of regulators in plant defense responses and its regulating effect in plant immunity. Understanding the phosphorylation of key regulators in the plant-pathogen interaction may help to explore new mechanism of plant immune regulation. This review may provide support and a basis for studying new approaches of broad-spectrum disease resistance.

Key words: protein phosphorylation, protein kinase, protein phosphatase, plant-pathogen interaction

Yaqiong Liu,Suiwen Hou. Research Progress in Protein Phosphorylation in Plant-pathogen Interactions[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2019, 54(2): 168-184.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB18219

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2019/V54/I2/168

Figures/Tables 2

Figure 1 Recognition of the immune signals by receptor kinases and receptor proteins(1) In Arabidopsis, LRR-type receptor kinase and receptor protein recognize pathogenic protein or polypeptide; (2) EGF-type receptor WAK1 recognize oligogalacturonides (OGs); (3) Lectin-type receptor kinase participate in immune signaling recognition; (4) LysM-type receptor kinase or receptor protein recognize chitin and peptidoglycan (PGN) signal in Arabidopsis and rice.

Figure 2 Phosphorylation of defense related proteins in plant immune signaling pathway(1) In Arabidopsis, PP2A negatively regulates the activation of BAK1, meanwhile PP2C38 and CPK28 negatively regulate the phosphorylation of BIK1 without pathogen infection. (2), (3) LRR-type PRRs combine with BAK1 and LysM-type RLK CERK1 combine with LYKs to activate immune signaling after perception of pathogen attack. (4) Activated PRRs phosphorylate BIK1 or PBL27. (5) BIK1 and CPKs phosphorylate RBOHD to promote ROS generation. (6), (7) MAPK cascades are activated and then phosphorylate different substrates to regulate different defense responses. (8) MKP1, MKP2, PTP1 and AP2C1 negatively regulate the activity of MAPKs. (9) Bacterial pathogens inject effector proteins HopF2 and HopAI1 to inhibit the activation of MAPK cascades. (10) Resistance protein SUMM2 activate ETI pathway in time by monitoring the phosphorylation statue of MEKK2, CRCK3 and PAT1, the substrates of MPK4.

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