Auxin Regulates Plant Growth and Development by Mediating Various Environmental Cues

doi:10.11983/CBB17135

Abstract

Abstract: Because plants are sessile and photo-autotrophic, they must adapt to the surrounding environment. Auxin is one of the most important plant hormones essential for plant growth and development. Recently, auxin was found to regulate plant growth by responding to endogenous developmental signals and by mediating various environmental cues. In this review, we focus on how auxin regulates plant growth by mediating various environmental cues such as light, temperature, gravity, nutrient element and metal ion signals.

Key words: auxin, environment cues, growth and development

Guangchao Liu , Zhaojun Ding. Auxin Regulates Plant Growth and Development by Mediating Various Environmental Cues[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2018, 53(1): 17-26.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB17135

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2018/V53/I1/17

Figures/Tables 1

Figure 1 An overview of plant growth and development in response to environment signal mediated by auxin (A) Nonsymmetrical of auxin in response to gravity due to altering expression pattern of auxin polar transporter PIN, which is regulated by phosphorylation of PIN through PID/WAG kinase or transcriptional regulation of FLP/MYB88. (B) In response to phototropism, blue light receptor PHOT reduced phosphorylation of PIN3 by inhibiting PID activity, thus mediated nonsymmetrical of auxin in hypocotyl. Another blue light receptor CRY inhibited ABCB919 expression together with PHOT and PHYB, and decreased ARF7 expression through binding to IAA19 promoter with PIF4. In shade condition, PHYB participated in phototropism of shoot through PIF to regulate YUCCA expression. SAV3 and SAV4 also mediate plant shade response. (C) In response to temperature signal, auxin receptor TIR1 can interact with HSP90 to participate in high temperature stress. While CRY1, together with PIF4, induced YUC8 expression to increase auxin level in hypocotyl under high temperature condition. In addition, high temperature could induce the expression of auxin transmethylase IAMT1, reduced auxin signal in ovary and led to male sterile. (D) Auxin synthesis gene TAR2 mediated lateral root development under low nitrogen condition, and nitrate nitrogen receptor NRT1.1 induced lateral root initiation by inhibiting auxin polar transport. ARF2 can be phosphorylated in low potassium, thus relieve the inhibition of HAK5 and enhanced the absorbing ability of phosphorus. TAA1 and YUCCA can be specific induced in the root TZ under aluminum stress, which caused excess auxin. While ARF7 directly regulated IPT expression, leading to the inhibition of root growth. Another metal ion cadmium maintained the auxin homeostasis to reduce downstream ROS level to regulate root growth.

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