UV-B对设施桃叶片光合功能及叶绿体超微结构的影响

doi:10.11983/CBB21136

植物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4): 434-443.DOI: 10.11983/CBB21136

UV-B对设施桃叶片光合功能及叶绿体超微结构的影响

李晨, 刘建廷, 樊永信, 赵雪惠, 肖伟, 陈修德, 付喜玲, 李玲(), 李冬梅()

山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心, 泰安 271018

收稿日期:2021-08-16 修回日期:2021-11-17 出版日期:2022-07-01 发布日期:2022-07-14
通讯作者: 李玲,李冬梅
作者简介:dmli2002@sdau.edu.cn
* E-mail: liling217@sdau.edu.cn;
第一联系人：^† 共同第一作者。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31601706);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2016CM09)

Effects of UV-B on Photosynthetic Function and Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Peach Leaves Grown in Greenhouse

Li Chen, Liu Jianting, Fan Yongxin, Zhao Xuehui, Xiao Wei, Chen Xiude, Fu Xiling, Li Ling(), Li Dongmei()

Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit & Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China

Received:2021-08-16 Revised:2021-11-17 Online:2022-07-01 Published:2022-07-14
Contact: Li Ling,Li Dongmei
About author:First author contact:^† These authors contributed equally to this paper.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对温室栽培的油桃中油5号(Prunus persica var. nectarina cv. ‘Zhongyou5’)适量补充UV-B, 分析其对桃叶片光合功能及叶绿体超微结构的影响。结果表明, UV-B处理下各色素含量均有不同程度的增加, 其中叶绿素b的含量和净光合速率(P_n)提升幅度较大。相较于未补充UV-B的桃树(对照), UV-B处理的F_v/F_m无显著变化, F_v'/F_m'比值、光化学猝灭系数(qP)、非光化学猝灭系数(qN)以及PSII实际光化学量子效率(Φ_PSII)均有显著或极显著升高。透射电镜结果显示, UV-B处理下叶绿体基质片层空隙小, 堆叠紧密, 叶绿体外膜边缘清晰。可见, 温室内适量补充UV-B可快速改善叶片叶绿体的超微结构, 提升叶绿素分子捕获光能及向PSII传递的能力, 增大PSII反应中心的开放程度, 提高实际光能转化效率和PSII电子传递量子效率, 提高叶片的光合功能。该研究为设施果树光合性能改善和UV-B合理利用提供了理论依据。

关键词: 设施桃, UV-B, 叶绿体超微结构, 光合性能, 光系统(PS)

Abstract: After supplementing appropriate amount of UV-B to the nectarine (Prunus persica var. nectarine cv. ‘Zhong- you5’) cultivated in the greenhouse, we analyzed the effects of UV-B on photosynthesis and chloroplast ultrastructure of the Zhongyou5 leaves. We found that the content of leaf pigments was increased under UV-B treatment, particularly the content of chlorophyll b and the net photosynthetic rate (P_n) being greatly increased. Compared with the peach trees without UV-B supplementation (control), UV-B treatment did not affect the F_v/F_m ratio significantly. However, the F_v'/F_m' ratio, the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN), and PSII actual photochemical quantum efficiency (Φ_PSII) were all significantly improved. Transmission electron microscopy analysis also showed that under UV-B treatment, the chloroplast stroma lamellae had small voids and were tightly stacked, and the chloroplast outer membrane edge was clearer than those in control. These data suggest that appropriate UV-B supplement in the greenhouse can optimize the ultrastructure of leaf chloroplasts, thereby improving photosynthesis. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of photosynthetic performance of fruit trees by using proper UV-B irradiation in greenhouse.

Key words: greenhouse peach, UV-B, chloroplast ultrastructure, photosynthetic performance, photosystem (PS)

李晨, 刘建廷, 樊永信, 赵雪惠, 肖伟, 陈修德, 付喜玲, 李玲, 李冬梅. UV-B对设施桃叶片光合功能及叶绿体超微结构的影响. 植物学报, 2022, 57(4): 434-443.

Li Chen, Liu Jianting, Fan Yongxin, Zhao Xuehui, Xiao Wei, Chen Xiude, Fu Xiling, Li Ling, Li Dongmei. Effects of UV-B on Photosynthetic Function and Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Peach Leaves Grown in Greenhouse. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2022, 57(4): 434-443.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB21136

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2022/V57/I4/434

图/表 6

图1 UV-B处理对桃叶片保护酶活性及可溶性蛋白含量的影响 (A) SOD活性; (B) POD活性; (C) CAT活性; (D) 可溶性蛋白含量。SOD: 超氧化物歧化酶; POD: 过氧化物酶; CAT: 过氧化氢酶。*P<0.05; **P<0.01

Figure 1 The effects of UV-B treatment on protective enzyme activity and soluble protein content in peach leaves (A) SOD activity; (B) POD activity; (C) CAT activity; (D) Soluble protein content. SOD: Superoxide dismutase; POD: Peroxidase; CAT: Catalase. *P<0.05; **P<0.01

图2 UV-B处理对桃叶片MDA含量和电导率的影响 (A) MDA含量; (B) 膜电导率。MDA: 丙二醛。*P<0.05

Figure 2 The effects of UV-B treatment on MDA content and conductivity of peach leaves (A) MDA content; (B) Membrane conductivity. MDA: Malondialdehyde. *P<0.05

图3 UV-B处理对桃叶片光合色素的影响 (A) 叶绿素a含量; (B) 叶绿素b含量; (C) 类胡萝卜素含量

Figure 3 The effects of UV-B treatment on photosynthetic pigments of peach leaves (A) Chlorophyll a content; (B) Chlorophyll b content; (C) Carotenoid content

图4 UV-B处理对桃叶片光合参数的影响 (A) 净光合速率(Pn); (B) 蒸腾速率(Tr); (C) 胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci); (D) 气孔导度(Gs)。*P<0.05; **P<0.01

Figure 4 The effects of UV-B treatment on photosynthetic parameters of peach leaves (A) Net photosynthetic rate (Pn); (B) Transpiration rate (Tr); (C) Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci); (D) Stomatal conductance (Gs). *P<0.05; **P<0.01

图5 UV-B处理下桃叶片PSII运行及向PSI电子传递的情况 (A) PSII的原初光能转化效率(Fv/Fm); (B) PSII的实际光能转化效率(Fv'/Fm'); (C) 光化学猝灭系数(qP); (D) 非光化学猝灭系数(qN); (E) PSII电子传递量子效率(ΦPSII)。*P<0.05

Figure 5 PSII operation of peach leaves under UV-B treatment and electron transfer to PSI (A) Efficiency of primary conversion of light energy of PSII (Fv/Fm); (B) Efficiency of energy conversion of open PSII (Fv'/Fm'); (C) Photochemical quenching coefficient (qP); (D) Non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN); (E) PSII actual photochemical quantum efficiency (ΦPSII). *P<0.05

图6 UV-B辐射对设施桃成熟叶片叶绿体超微结构的影响 (A) CK组叶片的叶绿体结构(9:00); (B) 经UV-B处理半小时(9:00)叶片的叶绿体结构; (C) UV-B处理结束后半小时(10:00)叶片的叶绿体结构; a和a'、b和b'、c和c'分别为同一图片(a、b、c: Bars=1 μm; a'、b'、c': Bars=500 nm)。

Figure 6 The effects of UV-B radiation on chloroplast ultra-structure in mature leaves (A) The chloroplast structure of control leaves (9:00); (B) The chloroplast structure of leaves after UV-B treatment for half an hour (9:00); (C) The chloroplast structure of the leaves after the UV-B treatment was stopped for half an hour (10:00); a and a′, b and b′, c and c´ are the same pictures (a, b, c: Bars=1 μm; a′, b′, c′: Bars=500 nm).

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UV-B对设施桃叶片光合功能及叶绿体超微结构的影响

Effects of UV-B on Photosynthetic Function and Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Peach Leaves Grown in Greenhouse

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