Abstract: The uniquearbor tree species Populus euphratica can grow well in arid desert. We established an Agrobacterium based transformation system for this species using a GUS gene as the reporter. Shoots of P. euphratica were regenerated from leaves placed on 1/2 MS supplemented with 1.0 mmol.L^-1 6-BA and 5.0 mmol.L^-1 NAA, leaves were infected for 15 min in a solution of A. tumefaciens with 0.4-0.6 OD600 and 100 mmol.L^-1 AS, and then co-cultured for 2 days. A. tumefaciens was inhibited with 300 mg.L^-1 Cef, and transgenic tissues and shoots were selected with 9 mg.L^-1 G418.