托里阿魏叶片蒸腾调节规律动力学测定方法探索

doi:10.11983/CBB17051

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以新疆荒漠自然条件下生长的托里阿魏(Ferula krylovii)为材料, 用高灵敏度湿度等传感器配合特制叶室, 记录和模拟分析了整个大型复叶的蒸腾耗水和蒸腾调节的动力学特性, 并与光合仪和称重法测定的结果进行对比。结果显示, 用传感器配合特制叶室, 监测到植物在短时间(1-2分钟)内的快速蒸腾动态调节及其日变化特征和参数, 根据这些参数可以分析同等条件下温度、光照和湿度等因子对蒸腾作用影响的相关性, 从而更精确地分析自然和高湿度条件下叶片的蒸腾耗水动力学特性, 提供其它方法无法观测的气孔对湿度变化的快速调节细节。同时, 由于该方法能够测定大尺度样品, 减少了其它方法由于仅能测定叶片局部而造成的因选点位置不同导致的取样误差、因气体样品量小造成的系统误差以及小叶室夹可能造成的机械压力胁迫。该方法与其它传感器结合, 能够更全面地获取植物在不同环境条件下的蒸腾耗水调节机制的相关参数, 理论上也可以远程遥控和连续监测, 为分析植物对环境的适应能力及其机制提供更为详细的动态图景。

关键词: 传感器, 温湿度测定, 托里阿魏, 气孔调节, 蒸腾动力学

Abstract: The transpirational dynamics and regulation features in leaves of Ferula krylovii grown in a desert area of Xinjiang, China were monitored, recorded and analysed systematically with a high-sensitivity humidity sensor combined with a specific leaf chamber and other types of sensors. The results were compared with those from other methods such as photosynthetic meters or weighing. Parameters associated with fast regulation (within 1-2 min) and diurnal variations in transpiration rate were clearly monitored and recorded. The parameters obtained could be used to analyse the correlations between transpiration and the effect of changes in environmental factors such as temperature, light intensity, and humidity to uncover more details on the transpirational dynamics and regulation features of a plant, details that other methods are unable to provide. Because larger samples could be measured with this method, the disadvantages of other methods could be excluded, such as errors due to the selection of the local sampling site, systematic errors due to smaller gas samples, and possible mechanical stress due to the clamp of the leaf chamber. This method, combined with other types of sensors, could yield parameters that cover more extensively the transpirational water consumption and regulation of plants under varied environmental conditions and provide a more detailed dynamic perspective of plants in their adaptation to environments, with the possibility of remote, continuous monitoring.

Key words: sensors, temperature and humidity monitoring, Ferula krylovii, stomata regulation, transpiration dynamics

张萍, 郝秀英, 于瑞凤, 周红梅, 朱建军. 托里阿魏叶片蒸腾调节规律动力学测定方法探索. 植物学报, 2018, 53(3): 353-363.

Zhang Ping, Hao Xiuying, Yu Ruifeng, Zhou Hongmei, Zhu Jianjun. A Tentative Method for Monitoring the Dynamic Features of Transpiration Regulation in Ferula krylovii Leaves. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2018, 53(3): 353-363.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB17051

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2018/V53/I3/353

图/表 7

图1 针对托里阿魏叶片特制的叶室平面结构示意图(A)和叶室(B, C)

Figure 1 A planar schematic illustration (A) and the leaf chamber (B, C) specially designed for Ferula krylovii

图2 大气温度(A)和相对湿度(B)的日变化曲线以及大气湿度与饱和湿度的差值曲线(B)

Figure 2 The diurnal variations in air temperature (A), relative humidity (B), and the differential humidity (the difference between the saturation humidity and the air humidity) (B)

图3 托里阿魏从上午9:00-13:00 (当地时间7:00-11:00)的蒸腾作用动力学记录曲线和指数模拟曲线(以自由水面的蒸发和理论模拟曲线作参照)(A) 自由水面的蒸发和理论模拟曲线; (B)-(F) 叶片的实际测定曲线和对应的理论指数模拟曲线

Figure 3 The recorded dynamic curves and the corresponding theoretical simulated curve of transpiration rate in Ferula krylovii from 9:00 am to 13:00 pm (local time 7:00 to 11:00 am) in the morning (in comparison with the evaporation curve of free water surface)(A) The evaporation curve and the corresponding theoretical simulated curve of free water surface; (B)-(F) The actual measured curves of the leaves and the corresponding theoretical simulated curve

图4 托里阿魏叶片午后的蒸腾作用动力学实际测定曲线和对应的理论指数模拟曲线(A)-(D) 14:00-18:00 (当地时间12:00-16:00); (E), (F) 19:00-20:00 (当地时间17:00-18:00)

Figure 4 The recorded dynamic curves and their corresponding theoretical simulated curves of the transpiration rate in Ferula krylovii leaves in the afternoon(A)-(D) Curves from14:00 to 18:00 pm (local time 12:00 to 16:00 pm); (E), (F) Curves from 19:00-20:00 (local time 17:00-18:00 pm)

图5 托里阿魏叶片蒸腾速率的日变化趋势(A) 湿度传感器测定结果; (B) TPS-2光合仪测定结果; (C) 相对湿度标准化到65%时用湿度传感器测定的结果

Figure 5 The diurnal variations in the transpiration rate of Ferula krylovii leaves(A) The results of humidity sensors; (B) The results of a TPS-2 portable photosynthesis system; (C) The diurnal variations results of humidity sensors in the transpiration rate in Ferula krylovii normalized to 65% relative humidity

图6 托里阿魏原位叶片的蒸腾速率(A)与相同条件下消除了根系吸水阻力的最适蒸腾速率的百分率比值(B)

Figure 6 The transpiration rate of Ferula krylovii in situ leaves (A) and the ratio of the optimal transpiration rate whereby the root resistance to water absorption was eliminated (B)

图7 托里阿魏叶片蒸腾速率与光照强度(A)、湿度(B)和温度(C)之间关系的回归曲线

Figure 7 The regression curves on the relationship between the transpiration rate of Ferula krylovii leaves to the light intensity (A), relative humidity (B) and temperature (C)

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