植物学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 152-166.DOI: 10.11983/CBB15077

• 特邀综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物铵态氮同化及其调控机制的研究进展

徐晓鹏1, 傅向东2, 廖红1*   

  1. 1华南农业大学农学院, 根系生物学研究中心, 广州 510642; 
    2中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所, 北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-18 修回日期:2015-07-28 出版日期:2016-03-01 发布日期:2016-03-31
  • 通讯作者: 廖红
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(No.U1301212)

Advances in Study of Ammonium Assimilation and its Regulatory Mechanism in Plants

Xiaopeng Xu1, Xiangdong Fu2, Hong Liao1*   

  1. 1Root Biology Center, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

    2Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2015-05-18 Revised:2015-07-28 Online:2016-03-01 Published:2016-03-31
  • Contact: Hong Liao

摘要: 氮是维持植物生长发育最重要的矿质营养元素之一, 在植物整个生命进程中发挥着重要作用。在植物体内, 氮同化既是植物利用氮素的一个中心环节, 也是导致植物氮利用效率不高的因素之一。氮同化主要分为硝态氮(NO3–)和铵态氮(NH4+)同化, 其中铵态氮同化是氮同化中最为关键的一步。按照不同来源, 植物体内铵态氮同化又可分为一次同化和二次同化, 但两者都是通过谷氨酰胺/谷氨酸合成酶(GS/GOGAT)途径进行。植物铵态氮同化不仅需要大量的能量, 而且需要大量的碳源, 所以其在转录、转录后以及翻译后等各个水平上都受到严格调控。该文综述了目前关于植物铵态氮同化及其调控机制的最新研究进展。

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Abstract: Nitrogen is one of the most important mineral nutrient elements for plant growth and development, playing an essential role in the whole process of plant life. Nitrogen assimilation is a central link for plants to utilize nitrogen and also a factor in low nitrogen use efficiency in plants. It includes two types: assimilation of nitrate (NO3 –) and ammonium (NH4 +); the latter is the critical step in the process of nitrogen assimilation. The source of NH4
+ during ammonium assimilation can be divided into 2 types—primary assimilation and secondary assimilation—but both proceed in the glutamine/glutamate (GS/GOGAT) pathway. Ammonium assimilation requires much energy resources but also consumes abundant carbon skeletons, so it is strictly regulated at different levels including transcription, post-transcription, and post-translation. We review the current progress in study of ammonium assimilation and its regulatory mechanism in plants.