Studies on Fertility Variation of Rice in vitro Culture
FAN Shu-Guo LIANG Cheng-Ye LIU Hong-Xian
Chinese Bulletin of Botany. 2000, 17(03):
232-241.
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Young panicles from ten rice materials, Zhenshan 97A (WA type cytoplasmic male_sterile (CMS) line, indica), Zhenshan 97B (WA type maintainer line, indica), IR24, IR26, Taiyin 1, Minghui 63 (WA type restorer line, indica), Hongyuan A (HL type CMS line,indica), Baoyuan A (BT type CMS line, indica), Nongken 58s (photoperiod_sensitive genic male_sterile rice (PGMR), japonica) and
W6154s (thermosensitive genic male_sterile rice (TGMR), indica), were cultured on different media. Regenerated plants were obtained. Pollen fertility was examined. Male sterile variation frequency and factors influencing the in vitro screening of male-sterile variants are discussed. The main results are as follows:
29 cases of male_sterile variants in five rice materials, Zhenshan 97B, Hongyuan A, Baoyuan A, W6154s and IR26, were found, in which 24 cases belonged to R1 generation (regenerated plants from rice somaclones), and five to R2 generation (plants from first self_pollination, viz. progeny obtained by self_fertilizing
the regenerated plants). 2*!368 regenerated plants were obtained in R1 generation, the male_sterile variation frequency was 1.02%(0.96~1.08%). Male-sterile variants were found in Zhenshan 97B and Taiyin 1 in R2 generation,and the average male_sterile variation frequency in Zhenshan 97B and Taiyin 1 was 2.22% and 1.89% respectively. Abortive pollen of rice could be classified into four types: pollenfree type (PFT), typicalabortion type (TAT), sphericalabortion type (SpAT) and stainedabortion type (StAT). The phenomenon that the type of pollen abortion could change from one to another through tissue culture was found in rice somaclones in R1 generation. One chimera was obtained from R1 regenerated plants of IR26 and Minghui 63 respectively. Fertility segregation was found in R
2 generation of Taiyin 1 and Zhenshan 97B. Genotype was the main factor in the course of inducing male_sterile variants. Male-sterile variation was found in all rice materials except Nongken 58s, IR24, Zhenshan 97A and Taiyin 1 in R1 generation. Dedifferentiation of explants was essential to producing male_sterile variation, and 2,4-D played a decisive role in this course. The frequency of male_sterile variation in somaclones was affected by the duration of subculture passage. The frequency of male_sterile variation in R2 generat
ion (around 2%) was higher than that in R1 generation (around 1%). The higher frequency of male-sterile variation in R2 generation showed that the mutant frequency of one site of a pair of genes from the wild type was much higher than that in a homozygous mutant(two sites of a pair of genes undertaking mutant at the same time).