Comparative Study on the Drought Resistance of Young Seedling from Populus laurifolia × P. simonii F1 Progeny

doi:10.11983/CBB22086

Abstract

Abstract: The development of drought-resistant tree varieties is of great significance for maintaining forest productivity in arid and semi-arid regions of China and addressing the challenges of global climate change. Populus laurifolia is distributed in the Irtysh River Basin in Xinjiang, China, has excellent characteristics such as fast growth and cold resistance. P. simonii has the characteristics of drought resistance and barren resistance, and is widely planted in northern China. In this study, the drought resistance characteristics of P. laurifolia × P. simonii F₁ progeny were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated. We investigated seven growth parameters such as high growth and relative leaf water content, six photosynthetic parameters such as net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO₂ concentration, and five biochemical characteristics such as SOD activity and MDA content. Based on the drought resistance coefficient and membership function analysis of 18 trait parameters, the parent and 23 F₁ progeny were divided into three drought resistance types: high, medium and low. Compared to other two drought resistance types seedlings, the highly drought-resistant F₁ progeny seedlings had larger leaf thickness, upper and lower epidermis thickness, palisade tissue thickness, and leaf tissue compactness. For highly drought-resistant F₁ progeny seedlings, the expression levels of key drought resistance genes under drought stress were significantly higher than other two drought resistance types. This study provides theoretical guidance and material basis for breeding drought-resistant poplar.

Key words: poplar, hybrid, seedling stage, drought resistance, evaluation

Lei Zhang, Pengfei Jiang, Yiming Wang, Ting Lan, Yanjing Liu, Qingyin Zeng. Comparative Study on the Drought Resistance of Young Seedling from Populus laurifolia × P. simonii F₁ Progeny[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(4): 519-534.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB22086

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2023/V58/I4/519

Figures/Tables 16

References 26

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Gene	Primer name	Primer sequences (5′-3′)
Actin	RT-Actin-F	TGTTGCCCTTGACTATGAGCAG- GA
	RT-Actin-R	ACGGAATCTCTCAGCTCCAATG- GT
NAC006	RT-NAC006-F	AAGAACAGCATCTTAGCGTCAAG
	RT-NAC006-R	TGGCGGCAGCAAAACAACCTG
NAC007	RT-NAC007-F	ATGAAAGGAAATAGATCAGCAG- AT
	RT-NAC007-R	ATTGGCCTCCACATTTCTTAAGC
NAC120	RT-NAC120-F	TGTGCGCTAAGCTGCAGTCTG
	RT-NAC120-R	ACCAGCAACTTTCCTGCACAAAT
AREB1-2	RT-AREB1-2-F	CCTAAGCAGCCTAATATGGGATA
	RT-AREB1-2-R	GGCAAATTAGAAGATTGCAAAG- AT
ABF3	RT-ABF3-F	ACTGCCGAAGAGACTCAAGC
	RT-ABF3-R	ACTCCCATCTTCAGCAGCAC
AREB3	RT-AREB3-F	AGGAGGCAGAAGAGGATGAT
	RT-AREB3-R	GTTTCCTCAGCCTTTCATTTTC
SHN1	RT-SHN1-F	AGAGCCTACGATGAAGCAGC
	RT-SHN1-R	ACGAGGAGGAGGGAGAGTTC
NF-YA9	RT-NA9-F	TCAAGTCTCGGAAGCCATACT
	RT-NA9-R	TTGTCATCCAAGGAAGCAAT

Gene	Primer name	Primer sequences (5′-3′)
Actin	RT-Actin-F	TGTTGCCCTTGACTATGAGCAG- GA
	RT-Actin-R	ACGGAATCTCTCAGCTCCAATG- GT
NAC006	RT-NAC006-F	AAGAACAGCATCTTAGCGTCAAG
	RT-NAC006-R	TGGCGGCAGCAAAACAACCTG
NAC007	RT-NAC007-F	ATGAAAGGAAATAGATCAGCAG- AT
	RT-NAC007-R	ATTGGCCTCCACATTTCTTAAGC
NAC120	RT-NAC120-F	TGTGCGCTAAGCTGCAGTCTG
	RT-NAC120-R	ACCAGCAACTTTCCTGCACAAAT
AREB1-2	RT-AREB1-2-F	CCTAAGCAGCCTAATATGGGATA
	RT-AREB1-2-R	GGCAAATTAGAAGATTGCAAAG- AT
ABF3	RT-ABF3-F	ACTGCCGAAGAGACTCAAGC
	RT-ABF3-R	ACTCCCATCTTCAGCAGCAC
AREB3	RT-AREB3-F	AGGAGGCAGAAGAGGATGAT
	RT-AREB3-R	GTTTCCTCAGCCTTTCATTTTC
SHN1	RT-SHN1-F	AGAGCCTACGATGAAGCAGC
	RT-SHN1-R	ACGAGGAGGAGGGAGAGTTC
NF-YA9	RT-NA9-F	TCAAGTCTCGGAAGCCATACT
	RT-NA9-R	TTGTCATCCAAGGAAGCAAT

Drought stress time	Levels
Drought stress time	First level	Second level	Third level	Fourth level
The 5^th day	B13, B8
The 6^th day	B13, B8, B25
The 7^th day	B13, B25	B8
The 8^th day	B25, B17	B13, B8
The 9^th day	B12, C11, B25, B17	B8, B13
The 10^th day	C10, B20, B12, C11, B25	B8, B13, B17
The 11^th day	A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12	B17, B25, B13	B8
The 12^th day	B18, B15, A24, C7, A25, B16, B11, B5, B19, A10, Populus laurifolia	C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12	B17, B8, B25, B13
The 13^th day	B18, B15, A24, C7, A25, B16, B11, B5, B19, A10, P. laurifolia	C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12	B17, B8, B25, B13
The 14^th day	A11, A15, B18, B15, A24, C7, A25, B16, B11, B5, P. laurifolia	B19, A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12	C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 15^th day	A11, A15, B18, B15, A24, C7, A25, P. laurifolia	B16, B11, B5, B19, A10, C10	B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8	B25, B13
The 16^th day	A11, A15, B18, B15, P. laurifolia	A24, C7, A25, B16, B11, B5	B19, A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12	C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 17^th day	A11, A15, B18	B15, A24, C7, A25, B16, P. laurifolia	B11, B5, B19, A10, C10, B20, C6	C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 18^th day	A11, A15	B18, B15, A24, C7, P. laurifolia	A25, B16, B11, B5, B19, A10	C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 19^th day		A11, A15, B18, B15, P. laurifolia	A25, A24, C7, B16, B11, B5, B19, A10, B20, C25	C10, C6, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 20^th day		A11, A15, B15	B18, A25, A24, C7, B16, B5, B19, P. laurifolia	B11, A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 21^th day		A11, A15	B18, B15, A25, A24, C7, B16, P. laurifolia	B11, B5, B19, A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13

Drought stress time	Levels
Drought stress time	First level	Second level	Third level	Fourth level
The 5^th day	B13, B8
The 6^th day	B13, B8, B25
The 7^th day	B13, B25	B8
The 8^th day	B25, B17	B13, B8
The 9^th day	B12, C11, B25, B17	B8, B13
The 10^th day	C10, B20, B12, C11, B25	B8, B13, B17
The 11^th day	A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12	B17, B25, B13	B8
The 12^th day	B18, B15, A24, C7, A25, B16, B11, B5, B19, A10, Populus laurifolia	C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12	B17, B8, B25, B13
The 13^th day	B18, B15, A24, C7, A25, B16, B11, B5, B19, A10, P. laurifolia	C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12	B17, B8, B25, B13
The 14^th day	A11, A15, B18, B15, A24, C7, A25, B16, B11, B5, P. laurifolia	B19, A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12	C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 15^th day	A11, A15, B18, B15, A24, C7, A25, P. laurifolia	B16, B11, B5, B19, A10, C10	B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8	B25, B13
The 16^th day	A11, A15, B18, B15, P. laurifolia	A24, C7, A25, B16, B11, B5	B19, A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12	C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 17^th day	A11, A15, B18	B15, A24, C7, A25, B16, P. laurifolia	B11, B5, B19, A10, C10, B20, C6	C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 18^th day	A11, A15	B18, B15, A24, C7, P. laurifolia	A25, B16, B11, B5, B19, A10	C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 19^th day		A11, A15, B18, B15, P. laurifolia	A25, A24, C7, B16, B11, B5, B19, A10, B20, C25	C10, C6, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 20^th day		A11, A15, B15	B18, A25, A24, C7, B16, B5, B19, P. laurifolia	B11, A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13
The 21^th day		A11, A15	B18, B15, A25, A24, C7, B16, P. laurifolia	B11, B5, B19, A10, C10, B20, C6, C25, B12, C11, A12, B17, B8, B25, B13

Traits	Drought resistance coefficient
Plant height growth (cm)	0.27±0.11
Growth of ground diameter (mm)	0.24±0.07
Net photosynthetic rate (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	0.19±0.09
Intercellular CO₂ concentration (μmol·mol^-1)	0.52±0.12
Stomatal conductance (mol·m^-2·s^-1)	0.07±0.04
Transpiration rate (mmol·m^-2·s^-1)	0.12±0.05
Stomatal limitation	2.43±0.29
Water use efficiency	1.61±0.12
Chl a (mg·g^-1)	1.00±0.02
Chl b (mg·g^-1)	1.00±0.04
Chl a/b	0.99±0.03
Leaf area (cm²)	0.80±0.07
Relative water content of leaves (%)	0.84±0.07
Catalase (U·mg^-1)	1.23±0.36
Malondialdehyde (nmol·g^-1)	3.24±0.76
Peroxidase (U·g^-1)	0.98±0.14
Proline (μg·g^-1)	1.79±0.23
Superoxide dismutase (U·g^-1)	1.72±0.22

Comparative Study on the Drought Resistance of Young Seedling from Populus laurifolia × P. simonii F₁ Progeny

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	H	D	P_n	G_a	C_i	T_r	L_s	WUE	Chl a
Plant height growth (H)	1	0.569**	0.626**	0.658**	0.651**	0.633**	-0.694**	0.635**	0.529**
Growth of ground diameter (D)		1	0.826**	0.785**	0.799**	0.816**	-0.701**	0.786**	0.581**
Net photosynthetic rate (P_n)			1	0.980**	0.908**	0.998**	-0.782**	0.893**	0.726**
Stomatal conductance (G_a)				1	0.845**	0.987**	-0.786**	0.839**	0.690**
Intercellular CO₂concentration (C_i)					1	0.896**	-0.838**	0.946**	0.884**
Transpiration rate (T_r)						1	-0.785**	0.871**	0.722**
Stomatal limitation (L_s)							1	-0.847**	-0.809**
Water use efficiency (WUE)								1	0.821**
Chl a									1
Chl b
Chl a/b
Leaf area (LA)
Relative water content of leaves (LRWC)
Catalase (CAT)
Malondialdehyde (MDA)
Peroxidase (POD)
Proline (Pro)
Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
	Chl b	Chl a/b	LA	LRWC	CAT	MDA	POD	Pro	SOD
Plant height growth (H)	0.540**	-0.415*	0.696**	0.569**	0.509**	-0.318	0.538**	0.721**	0.481**
Growth of ground diameter (D)	0.681**	-0.512**	0.762**	0.619**	0.650**	-0.572**	0.715**	0.722**	0.422*
Net photosynthetic rate (P_n)	0.847**	-0.642**	0.883**	0.686**	0.698**	-0.783**	0.785**	0.838**	0.373*
Stomatal conductance (G_a)	0.824**	-0.637**	0.846**	0.643**	0.640**	-0.725**	0.741**	0.807**	0.337
Intercellular CO₂concentration (C_i)	0.915**	-0.645**	0.917**	0.851**	0.824**	-0.802**	0.873**	0.899**	0.645**
Transpiration rate (T_r)	0.845**	-0.643**	0.875**	0.683**	0.695**	-0.764**	0.788**	0.833**	0.369*
Stomatal limitation (L_s)	-0.820**	0.563**	-0.917**	-0.815**	-0.708**	0.714**	-0.739**	-0.778**	-0.716**
Water use efficiency (WUE)	0.868**	-0.593**	0.940**	0.793**	0.733**	-0.847**	0.776**	0.871**	0.605**
Chl a	0.964**	-0.714**	0.815**	0.881**	0.833**	-0.716**	0.830**	0.783**	0.741**
Chl b	1	-0.761*	0.853**	0.881**	0.820**	-0.768**	0.861**	0.843**	0.637**
Chl a/b		1	-0.566**	-0.640**	-0.627**	0.460*	-0.577**	-0.588**	-0.378*
Leaf area (LA)			1	0.834**	0.760**	-0.768**	0.797**	0.839**	0.582**
Relative water content of leaves (LRWC)				1	0.867**	-0.665**	0.887**	0.751**	0.775**
Catalase (CAT)					1	-0.622**	0.837**	0.714**	0.677**
Malondialdehyde (MDA)						1	-0.688**	-0.665**	-0.514*
Peroxidase (POD)							1	0.810**	0.678**
Proline (Pro)								1	0.641**
Superoxide dismutase (SOD)									1

Principal component	PC1	PC2	PC3
Eigenvalue	13.58	1.30	0.81
Contribution rate	75.45%	7.24%	4.52%
Weight	86.52%	8.30%	5.19%
Plant height growth	0.687	-0.111	0.628
Growth of ground diameter	0.806	-0.279	0.104
Net photosynthetic rate	0.922	-0.369	-0.073
Stomatal conductance	0.889	-0.408	-0.025
Intercellular CO₂ concentration	0.975	-0.013	-0.012
Transpiration rate	0.917	-0.371	-0.064
Stomatal limitation	-0.899	-0.070	-0.190
Water use efficiency	0.945	-0.088	0.015
Chl a	0.904	0.309	-0.149
Chl b	0.948	0.101	-0.200
Chl a/b	-0.701	-0.021	0.337
Leaf area	0.944	-0.074	0.109
Relative water content of leaves	0.890	0.366	-0.026
Catalase	0.848	0.276	-0.097
Malondialdehyde	-0.801	0.054	0.288
Peroxidase	0.895	0.160	-0.056
Proline	0.906	-0.034	0.169
Superoxide dismutase	0.672	0.638	0.224

Individual	D value	Individual	D value
A11	0.91	B19	0.61
A15	0.90	C10	0.60
B18	0.87	B20	0.59
B15	0.77	C25	0.52
Populus laurifolia	0.66	C6	0.51
A24	0.64	B12	0.49
A25	0.64	A12	0.38
B16	0.63	C11	0.38
A10	0.63	B17	0.17
B11	0.63	B8	0.12
B5	0.62	B25	0.12
C7	0.61	B13	0.06

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