Responses of the Antioxidant Defense System of Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’ to Drought, Heat and the Synergistic Stress

doi:10.11983/CBB17004

Abstract

Abstract: In this study, we explored the solo effect of drought stress (control, light, moderate and heavy), heat stress (control 28°C, heat 40°C) and their dual stresses on the antioxidant defense system of Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’. The experiment data showed that after drought treatment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated gradually and membrane lipid peroxidation increased; the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased significantly under light and moderate drought stress. Ascorbic acid (AsA) and its reducing power (AsA/DHA) decreased significantly under heavy drought stress, whereas glutathione (GSH) and its reducing power (GSH/GSSG) as well as the activity of enzymes related to ascorbate glutathione cycle (AsA-GSH cycle) showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, with the peak reached after moderate drought stress. Unlike drought stress, ROS accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activity, antioxidant content and AsA-GSH cycle efficiency all improved significantly with heat stress. Furthermore, we found that the dual stresses injured the cultivar more severely than either stress alone. ROS level increased slowly via antioxidant enzyme activity, and the AsA-GSH cycle efficiency was enhanced at first and then decreased significantly with increasing dual stresses, especially after severe stress, and was unable to maintain oxidation reduction equilibrium. Under drought and heat stress, the cultivar quickly activated the antioxidant defense system to eliminate ROS, which improved the reducing power of the organism to reduce the environmental damage.

Key words: Osmanthus fragrans var. semperflorens, drought, heat, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzyme, ascorbate glutathione cycle

Xinlu Xu, Dandan Li, Yuandan Ma, Jianyun Zhai, Jianfei Sun, Yan Gao, Rumin Zhang. Responses of the Antioxidant Defense System of Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’ to Drought, Heat and the Synergistic Stress[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2018, 53(1): 72-81.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB17004

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2018/V53/I1/72

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1 Effect of drought and heat stress on reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’

Temperature	Treatment intensity	O₂^-· (nmol·g^-1FW)	H₂O₂ (μmol·g^-1FW)	MDA (μmol·g^-1FW)
28°C	CK	7.56±0.77 C	20.11±1.01 D	4.09±0.64 C
	Light drought	14.04±0.44 B	33.08±2.33 C	7.42±1.32 B
	Moderate drought	15.49±0.45 B	40.60±2.30 B	14.29±2.55 A
	Heavy drought	18.84±2.05 A	49.24±1.74 A	15.39±1.69 A
Sum of squares	Between groups (d.f.1=3)	402.69	2743.44	532.18
Sum of squares	Within groups (d.f.2=20)	25.94	73.89	57.58
40°C	CK	10.92±0.81 b	26.52±0.51 c	9.14±0.67 b
	Light drought	12.79±0.78 a	37.52±3.73 b	14.11±1.51 a
	Moderate drought	11.92±0.64 ab	45.60±0.92 a	16.36±2.29 a
	Heavy drought	11.30±1.69 ab	34.64±4.18 b	8.48±1.74 b
Sum of squares	Between groups (d.f.1=3)	11.98	1117.58	264.48
Sum of squares	Within groups (d.f.2=20)	22.59	162.38	55.13
	P: Ft	**	ns	**
	P: Fd	**	**	*
	P: Ft×Fd	**	**	**

Figure 1 The effect of drought and heat stress on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’(A) Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; (B) Peroxidase (POD) activity; (C) Catalase (CAT) activity. Ft: Effect of different temperature; Fd: Effect of different drought treatment intensity; Ft×Fd: Different responses of plant tissues to drought and heat stress. Each value is the mean±SE (n=6). Different capital letters indicate statistically significant differences of drought stress, different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences of heat stress. According to Tukey test, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: Non-significant

Figure 2 The effect of drought and heat stress on the AsA content in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’ (A) Ascorbic acid (AsA) content; (B) Dehydroascorbate (DHA) content; (C) AsA/DHA. Ft: Effect of different temperature; Fd: Effect of different drought treatment intensity; Ft×Fd: Different responses of plant tissues to drought and heat stress. Each value is the mean±SE (n=6). Different capital letters indicate statistically significant differences of drought stress, different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences of heat stress. According to Tukey test, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: Non-significant

Figure 3 The effect of drought and heat stress on the GSH content in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’ (A) Glutathione (GSH) content; (B) Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content; (C) GSH/GSSG. Ft: Effect of different temperature; Fd: Effect of different drought treatment intensity; Ft×Fd: Different responses of plant tissues to drought and heat stress. Each value is the mean±SE (n=6). Different capi- tal letters indicate statistically significant differences of drought stress, different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences of heat stress. According to Tukey test, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: Non-significant

Figure 4 The effect of drought and heat stress on the enzymes activity of AsA-GSH cycle in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’ (A) Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity; (B) Dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity; (C) Monodehydroascobate reductase (MDHAR) activity; (D) Glutathione reductase (GR) activity. Ft: Effect of different temperature; Fd: Effect of different drought treatment intensity; Ft×Fd: Different responses of plant tissues to drought and heat stress. Each value is the mean±SE (n=6). Different capital letters indicate statistically significant differences of drought stress, different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences of heat stress. According to Tukey test, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: Non- significant

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