四季桂抗氧化防御系统对干旱、高温及协同胁迫的响应

doi:10.11983/CBB17004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以天香台阁四季桂(Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’)为材料, 研究干旱(轻度、中度和重度)、高温(40°C)及干旱高温协同胁迫对四季桂叶片抗氧化防御系统的影响。结果显示, 干旱胁迫下, 四季桂活性氧(ROS)逐渐积累, 膜脂过氧化程度加深; 轻度和中度干旱胁迫下, 抗氧化酶活性显著升高; 重度干旱胁迫下, 抗坏血酸(AsA)及其还原力(AsA/DHA)显著降低, 谷胱甘肽(GSH)及其还原力(GSH/GSSG)以及抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(AsA-GSH)循环相关酶活性呈先上升后下降的趋势, 在中度干旱胁迫时达到峰值。高温胁迫显著增强ROS积累、抗氧化酶活性、抗氧化剂含量及AsA-GSH循环效率。干旱高温协同胁迫下, 四季桂所受伤害大于单一胁迫, ROS在抗氧化酶的作用下增幅减缓; 随着胁迫强度的加剧, AsA-GSH循环效率呈先增加后下降的趋势, 重度协同胁迫时显著降低, 无法维持氧化还原平衡。四季桂在干旱高温胁迫下能快速启动体内抗氧化防御系统, 清除体内过量的ROS, 增加机体还原力, 以减缓胁迫带来的伤害。

关键词: 四季桂, 干旱, 高温, 活性氧, 抗氧化酶, 抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环

Abstract: In this study, we explored the solo effect of drought stress (control, light, moderate and heavy), heat stress (control 28°C, heat 40°C) and their dual stresses on the antioxidant defense system of Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’. The experiment data showed that after drought treatment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated gradually and membrane lipid peroxidation increased; the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased significantly under light and moderate drought stress. Ascorbic acid (AsA) and its reducing power (AsA/DHA) decreased significantly under heavy drought stress, whereas glutathione (GSH) and its reducing power (GSH/GSSG) as well as the activity of enzymes related to ascorbate glutathione cycle (AsA-GSH cycle) showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, with the peak reached after moderate drought stress. Unlike drought stress, ROS accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activity, antioxidant content and AsA-GSH cycle efficiency all improved significantly with heat stress. Furthermore, we found that the dual stresses injured the cultivar more severely than either stress alone. ROS level increased slowly via antioxidant enzyme activity, and the AsA-GSH cycle efficiency was enhanced at first and then decreased significantly with increasing dual stresses, especially after severe stress, and was unable to maintain oxidation reduction equilibrium. Under drought and heat stress, the cultivar quickly activated the antioxidant defense system to eliminate ROS, which improved the reducing power of the organism to reduce the environmental damage.

Key words: Osmanthus fragrans var. semperflorens, drought, heat, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzyme, ascorbate glutathione cycle

许馨露, 李丹丹, 马元丹, 翟建云, 孙建飞, 高岩, 张汝民. 四季桂抗氧化防御系统对干旱、高温及协同胁迫的响应. 植物学报, 2018, 53(1): 72-81.

Xinlu Xu, Dandan Li, Yuandan Ma, Jianyun Zhai, Jianfei Sun, Yan Gao, Rumin Zhang. Responses of the Antioxidant Defense System of Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’ to Drought, Heat and the Synergistic Stress. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2018, 53(1): 72-81.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB17004

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2018/V53/I1/72

图/表 5

表1 干旱高温胁迫对天香台阁四季桂活性氧和丙二醛含量的影响

Table 1 Effect of drought and heat stress on reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’

Temperature	Treatment intensity	O₂^-· (nmol·g^-1FW)	H₂O₂ (μmol·g^-1FW)	MDA (μmol·g^-1FW)
28°C	CK	7.56±0.77 C	20.11±1.01 D	4.09±0.64 C
	Light drought	14.04±0.44 B	33.08±2.33 C	7.42±1.32 B
	Moderate drought	15.49±0.45 B	40.60±2.30 B	14.29±2.55 A
	Heavy drought	18.84±2.05 A	49.24±1.74 A	15.39±1.69 A
Sum of squares	Between groups (d.f.1=3)	402.69	2743.44	532.18
Sum of squares	Within groups (d.f.2=20)	25.94	73.89	57.58
40°C	CK	10.92±0.81 b	26.52±0.51 c	9.14±0.67 b
	Light drought	12.79±0.78 a	37.52±3.73 b	14.11±1.51 a
	Moderate drought	11.92±0.64 ab	45.60±0.92 a	16.36±2.29 a
	Heavy drought	11.30±1.69 ab	34.64±4.18 b	8.48±1.74 b
Sum of squares	Between groups (d.f.1=3)	11.98	1117.58	264.48
Sum of squares	Within groups (d.f.2=20)	22.59	162.38	55.13
	P: Ft	**	ns	**
	P: Fd	**	**	*
	P: Ft×Fd	**	**	**

图1 干旱高温胁迫对天香台阁四季桂抗氧化酶活性的影响(A) 超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性; (B) 过氧化物酶(POD)活性; (C) 过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性。Ft: 不同温度的影响; Fd: 不同处理强度的影响; Ft×Fd: 植物组织对干旱高温胁迫的不同响应。每个数值为平均值±标准误(n=6)。不同大写字母表示不同干旱处理间差异显著, 不同小写字母表示不同高温处理间差异显著。根据Tukey多重比较, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: 不显著

Figure 1 The effect of drought and heat stress on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’(A) Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; (B) Peroxidase (POD) activity; (C) Catalase (CAT) activity. Ft: Effect of different temperature; Fd: Effect of different drought treatment intensity; Ft×Fd: Different responses of plant tissues to drought and heat stress. Each value is the mean±SE (n=6). Different capital letters indicate statistically significant differences of drought stress, different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences of heat stress. According to Tukey test, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: Non-significant

图2 干旱高温胁迫对天香台阁四季桂抗坏血酸含量的影响(A) 抗坏血酸(AsA)含量; (B) 脱氢抗坏血酸(DHA)含量; (C) AsA/DHA。Ft: 不同温度的影响; Fd: 不同处理强度的影响; Ft×Fd: 植物组织对干旱高温胁迫的不同响应。每个数值为平均值±标准误(n=6)。不同大写字母表示不同干旱处理间差异显著, 不同小写字母表示不同高温处理间差异显著。根据Tukey多重比较, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: 不显著

Figure 2 The effect of drought and heat stress on the AsA content in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’ (A) Ascorbic acid (AsA) content; (B) Dehydroascorbate (DHA) content; (C) AsA/DHA. Ft: Effect of different temperature; Fd: Effect of different drought treatment intensity; Ft×Fd: Different responses of plant tissues to drought and heat stress. Each value is the mean±SE (n=6). Different capital letters indicate statistically significant differences of drought stress, different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences of heat stress. According to Tukey test, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: Non-significant

图3 干旱高温胁迫对天香台阁四季桂谷胱甘肽含量的影响(A) 谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量; (B) 氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量; (C) GSH/GSSG。Ft: 不同温度的影响; Fd: 不同处理强度的影响; Ft×Fd: 植物组织对干旱高温胁迫的不同响应。每个数值为平均值±标准误(n=6)。不同大写字母表示不同干旱处理间差异显著, 不同小写字母表示不同高温处理间差异显著。根据Tukey多重比较, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: 不显著

Figure 3 The effect of drought and heat stress on the GSH content in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’ (A) Glutathione (GSH) content; (B) Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content; (C) GSH/GSSG. Ft: Effect of different temperature; Fd: Effect of different drought treatment intensity; Ft×Fd: Different responses of plant tissues to drought and heat stress. Each value is the mean±SE (n=6). Different capi- tal letters indicate statistically significant differences of drought stress, different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences of heat stress. According to Tukey test, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: Non-significant

图4 干旱高温胁迫对天香台阁四季桂AsA-GSH循环相关酶活性的影响(A) 抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性; (B) 脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)活性; (C) 单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)活性; (D) 谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性。Ft: 不同温度的影响; Fd: 不同处理强度的影响; Ft×Fd: 植物组织对干旱高温胁迫的不同响应。每个数值为平均值±标准误(n=6)。不同大写字母表示不同干旱处理间差异显著, 不同小写字母表示不同高温处理间差异显著。根据Tukey多重比较, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: 不显著

Figure 4 The effect of drought and heat stress on the enzymes activity of AsA-GSH cycle in Osmanthus fragrans cv. ‘Tian Xiang TaiGe’ (A) Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity; (B) Dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity; (C) Monodehydroascobate reductase (MDHAR) activity; (D) Glutathione reductase (GR) activity. Ft: Effect of different temperature; Fd: Effect of different drought treatment intensity; Ft×Fd: Different responses of plant tissues to drought and heat stress. Each value is the mean±SE (n=6). Different capital letters indicate statistically significant differences of drought stress, different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences of heat stress. According to Tukey test, * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ns: Non- significant

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