现代玉米起源新见解——两类大刍草的混血

doi:10.11983/CBB23138

植物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (6): 857-860.DOI: 10.11983/CBB23138 cstr: 32102.14.CBB23138

所属专题：大食物观

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现代玉米起源新见解——两类大刍草的混血

于熙婷, 黄学辉^*()

上海师范大学生命科学学院, 上海 200234

收稿日期:2023-10-10 接受日期:2023-10-17 出版日期:2023-11-01 发布日期:2023-12-01
通讯作者: * E-mail: xhhuang@shnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家杰出青年基金(31825015)

New Insights Into the Origin of Modern Maize-hybridization of Two Teosintes

Xiting Yu, Xuehui Huang^*()

College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China

Received:2023-10-10 Accepted:2023-10-17 Online:2023-11-01 Published:2023-12-01
Contact: * E-mail: xhhuang@shnu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 农作物驯化推动了农业文明的出现和繁荣, 是人类历史上的重大事件。玉米(Zea mays)作为全球范围内的重要粮食作物, 其驯化起源一直备受生物学和历史学界的关注。之前, 现代玉米起源自小颖大刍草亚种(Z. mays subsp. parviglumis)的观点一直占主流地位。近期, 严建兵与其合作团队系统收集并梳理了玉米各种类型野生种和栽培种资源, 综合运用基因组学、群体遗传学和数量遗传学方法及考古学成果, 发现现代玉米也存在墨西哥高原亚种(Z. mays subsp. mexicana)的杂交渐渗, 并影响了诸多农艺性状, 进而提出现代玉米起源的新模型。

关键词: 玉米, 大刍草, 基因组, 驯化, 渐渗

Abstract: The domestication of crops was a significant event in human history, which led to the emergence and prosperity of agricultural civilization. Maize is an important global food crop, and its domestication origin has long attracted the attention of both the biological and historical communities. The mainstream view in the past was that modern maize originated from the parviglumis type of teosinte. Recently, Yan Jianbing and his collaborators systematically collected and sorted various types of wild and cultivated maize resources, and comprehensively applied genomics, population genetics, and quantitative genetics methods, along with the use of archaeological findings. They found that modern maize also has the gene introgression of the mexicana type of teosinte, which has influenced many agronomic traits. A new model for the origin of modern maize has been proposed based on these findings.

Key words: maize, teosinte, genome, domestication, introgression

于熙婷, 黄学辉. 现代玉米起源新见解——两类大刍草的混血. 植物学报, 2023, 58(6): 857-860.

Xiting Yu, Xuehui Huang. New Insights Into the Origin of Modern Maize-hybridization of Two Teosintes. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(6): 857-860.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB23138

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2023/V58/I6/857

图/表 1

图1 现代玉米起源过程简图研究人员推测, 现代玉米(Zea mays)首先起源于墨西哥平原地区的小颖大刍草亚种(Z. mays subsp. parviglumis), 而后与墨西哥高原地区的墨西哥高原亚种(Z. mays subsp. mexicana)发生杂交渐渗。DNA双螺旋中深蓝、浅蓝和橙色分别示意小颖大刍草亚种单倍型、墨西哥高原亚种单倍型和驯化改良产生的新变异。

Figure 1 A simplified diagram of the origin process of modern maize Researchers speculate that modern maize first originated from the parviglumis type of teosinte in the Mexican lowlands, and then introgression with the mexicana type of teosinte in the Mexican highlands occurred. The deep blue, light blue, and orange colors in the DNA double helix represent the haplotypes of parviglumis-type teosinte, mexicana-type teosinte, and new allelic variation during domestication, respectively.

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现代玉米起源新见解——两类大刍草的混血

New Insights Into the Origin of Modern Maize-hybridization of Two Teosintes

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