胞质雄性不育系冀2658A细胞质对陆地棉主要性状的影响

doi:10.11983/CBB16129

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)雄性不育不仅可以培育优质的杂交种, 还能提高棉花制种效率并降低制种成本。该研究以冀2658系及其同核异质不育系冀2658A为母本, 以6个恢复系为父本配制12个杂交组合。利用F₁代研究棉花细胞质对棉花农艺性状、抗病性、种子中粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量、纤维品质及产量性状的影响。结果表明, 冀2658A的细胞质主要影响棉花杂交种F₁代的产量相关性状、黄萎病抗性及棉籽粗脂肪含量等, 表现为衣分显著降低(比对照组低1.61%), 黄萎病抗性增强(黄萎病指数比对照组低18.29%), 棉籽中的粗脂肪含量降低(比对照组低2.88%)。该研究初步探讨了胞质不育型细胞质对陆地棉主要性状的影响, 为陆地棉胞质雄性不育系的利用提供了理论参考。

关键词: 胞质雄性不育(CMS), 棉花, 细胞质效应, 冀2658A

Abstract: The use of a cotton cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line can lead to breeding high-quality cotton seeds and also improve the efficiency of the preparation and decrease the cost of seed production. This study used the JI 2658 and JI 2658A cotton lines, which have the same nuclear background but different cytoplasm as female parents, with another six restorer lines as the male parent; 12 crosses were made according to one-to-one correspondence. The F₁ hybrids were used to study the cotton cytoplasmic effects on agronomic traits, disease resistance, fat and protein content, fiber quality and yield. The CMS cytoplasm effects of the 2658A line on cotton hybrids mainly involve lint yield, verticillium wilt resistance and fat content-related characters. As compared with controls, crosses showed reduced lint yield and fat content of seeds by 1.61% and 2.88% and verticillium wilt resistant increased by 18.29%. These results are preliminary in understanding the CMS cytoplasm effects on upland cotton and will be important for using upland cotton CMS.

Key words: cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), cotton, cytoplasmic effect, JI 2658A

赵存鹏, 王兆晓, 王凯辉, 刘素恩, 耿军义, 郭宝生. 胞质雄性不育系冀2658A细胞质对陆地棉主要性状的影响. 植物学报, 2017, 52(5): 560-567.

Cunpeng Zhao, Zhaoxiao Wang, Kaihui Wang, Suen Liu, Junyi Geng, Baosheng Guo. Effect of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility on Main Characters of Cotton. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2017, 52(5): 560-567.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB16129

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2017/V52/I5/560

图/表 9

参考文献 36

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No.	4014	3016	3202	3204	3210	3216	3218	3221
Plant height (cm)	86.8	-	77.6	94.6	73.3	69.0	80.3	79.2
Fruit branch number	13.1	-	13.7	14.7	12.2	12.1	13.0	13.4
Growth period (day)	120	-	119	124	121	122	120	120
Fusarium oxysporum index	0.54	-	0.54	0	5.25	1.11	3.63	0
Verticillium wilt index	26.33	-	44.81	35.12	31.98	38.91	38.35	31.34
Boll number	15.3	-	14.9	17	15.6	13.4	14.4	16.1
Boll weight (g)	6.27	-	5.58	6.76	5.63	6.39	5.40	5.42
Lint percent (%)	44.16	-	43.67	44.67	46.92	45.18	42.83	40.04
Seed index (g)	9.95	-	10.10	11.85	10.05	11.08	10.18	10.28
Before the frost lint yield (kg∙hm^-2)	1682.10	-	1304.25	1444.35	1367.25	1284.45	1371.90	1153.65
Lint yield (kg∙hm^-2)	1708.95	-	1424.70	1589.70	1432.95	1302.90	1401.00	1260.90
Pre-frost yield (%)	98.42	-	91.55	90.86	95.41	98.59	97.93	91.49
Fiber length (mm)	28.77	-	29.54	29.23	27.86	28.52	29.85	30.78
Uniformity (%)	84.4	-	83.3	85.5	85.2	84.2	83.9	84.8
Strength (cN∙tex^-1)	27.3	-	32.6	30.6	30.9	26.5	29.4	30.9
Micronaire	5.98	-	5.09	4.88	5.3	5.4	5.07	5.29
Elongation	6.2	-	6.8	7.9	8.4	7.7	6.9	6.5
Fat (%)	13.42	-	13.60	11.71	12.07	12.11	13.40	12.90
Protein (%)	23.03	-	22.46	21.75	22.59	22.23	22.57	22.07

No.	4014	3016	3202	3204	3210	3216	3218	3221
Plant height (cm)	86.8	-	77.6	94.6	73.3	69.0	80.3	79.2
Fruit branch number	13.1	-	13.7	14.7	12.2	12.1	13.0	13.4
Growth period (day)	120	-	119	124	121	122	120	120
Fusarium oxysporum index	0.54	-	0.54	0	5.25	1.11	3.63	0
Verticillium wilt index	26.33	-	44.81	35.12	31.98	38.91	38.35	31.34
Boll number	15.3	-	14.9	17	15.6	13.4	14.4	16.1
Boll weight (g)	6.27	-	5.58	6.76	5.63	6.39	5.40	5.42
Lint percent (%)	44.16	-	43.67	44.67	46.92	45.18	42.83	40.04
Seed index (g)	9.95	-	10.10	11.85	10.05	11.08	10.18	10.28
Before the frost lint yield (kg∙hm^-2)	1682.10	-	1304.25	1444.35	1367.25	1284.45	1371.90	1153.65
Lint yield (kg∙hm^-2)	1708.95	-	1424.70	1589.70	1432.95	1302.90	1401.00	1260.90
Pre-frost yield (%)	98.42	-	91.55	90.86	95.41	98.59	97.93	91.49
Fiber length (mm)	28.77	-	29.54	29.23	27.86	28.52	29.85	30.78
Uniformity (%)	84.4	-	83.3	85.5	85.2	84.2	83.9	84.8
Strength (cN∙tex^-1)	27.3	-	32.6	30.6	30.9	26.5	29.4	30.9
Micronaire	5.98	-	5.09	4.88	5.3	5.4	5.07	5.29
Elongation	6.2	-	6.8	7.9	8.4	7.7	6.9	6.5
Fat (%)	13.42	-	13.60	11.71	12.07	12.11	13.40	12.90
Protein (%)	23.03	-	22.46	21.75	22.59	22.23	22.57	22.07

No.	Cross combination	No.	Cross combination
1	3016×3202	7	4104×3202
2	3016×3204	8	4104×3204
3	3016×3210	9	4104×3210
4	3016×3216	10	4104×3216
5	3016×3218	11	4104×3218
6	3016×3221	12	4104×3221

No.	Cross combination	No.	Cross combination
1	3016×3202	7	4104×3202
2	3016×3204	8	4104×3204
3	3016×3210	9	4104×3210
4	3016×3216	10	4104×3216
5	3016×3218	11	4104×3218
6	3016×3221	12	4104×3221

Character	The average value of group I	The average value of group II	The percentage of the different value between group I and II (%)
Plant height (cm)	86.73±2.96 a	86.30±4.93 a	0.50
Fruit branch numbers	14.05±0.49 a	13.36±0.39 b	5.16
Growth period (day)	122.0±1.41 a	119.7±1.21 b	1.92
Fusarium oxysporum index	0.60±0.66 a	1.04±0.83 a	-42.31
Verticillium wilt index	22.47±3.74 a	27.50±3.25 b	-18.29