Research Progress of CURT1 on Regulating Thylakoid Membrane Curvature

doi:10.11983/CBB20194

Abstract

Abstract: The grana in chloroplast of higher plants is a structure composed of many thylakoid discs stacked together. The formation of the grana facilitates the distribution of the photosynthetic protein complex in different positions in thylakoids, that is, it has lateral heterogeneity and can effectively carry out photosynthesis. The key step to promote the formation of grana is to bend the thylakoid membrane. CURVATURE THYLAKOID 1 (CURT1) protein has been found to be the key factor leading to membrane bending. In this review, the recent research progresses of CURT1 protein in Arabidopsis thaliana and Cyanobacteria were summarized, and the prospect of CURT1 protein research in the future was put forward.

Key words: CURT1, membrane curvature, Arabidopsis, Cyanobacteria, CurT

Qiuxin Li, Wei Chi, Daili Ji. Research Progress of CURT1 on Regulating Thylakoid Membrane Curvature[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2021, 56(4): 462-469.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB20194

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2021/V56/I4/462

Figures/Tables 3

Figure 1 The plasticity of thylakoid ultrastructure (A) Effects of CURT1 levels on granum dimensions: With the level of CURT1 proteins increased, the grana displays more layers of membrane and decreased diameter; Grana without CURT1 proteins significantly increased in diameter but contain far fewer layers of membrane; (B) Effects of changes in light conditions on granum dimensions: under low light levels, the numbers of layers in grana stacks are increased, and high light intensities lead to significant reduction in the diameter, and to partial transversal unstacking of grana discs; (C) Effects of PSII phosphorylation on granum dimensions: increased levels of PSII phosphorylation lead to significant reduction in the diameter, the enlargement of the vertical gaps between thylakoid layers, and swelling of the thylakoid lumen; Decreased levels of PSII phosphorylation lead to increased diameter, decreased gaps of adjacent layers within the granum, and fewer layers of membrane. LL: Low light; HL: High light; PSII: Photosystem II; LHC II: Light-harvesting complex II; CURT1: CURVATURE THYLAKOID 1

Figure 2 The functional model for CURT1 insertion leads to thylakoid membrane curvature PQ: Plastoquinone. PSII and CURT1 see Figure 1.

Figure 3 CURT1 modulate grana structure to regulate photosynthesis in response to different light conditions Overexpression or knock out of CURT1 protein influence the PSII repair process under high light condition and state transition during low light condition. PSI: Photosystem I. PSII, LHCII and CURT1 see Figure 1.

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