植物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 573-583.DOI: 10.11983/CBB21096

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

濒危植物百山祖冷杉种子发育特征及其胚培养

刘柯1, 刘彬1, 袁璐1, 帅辉1, 杨洋1, 王挺进1, 陈德良2, 陈小荣2, 杨锴斌2, 金孝锋3, 陈利萍1,*()   

  1. 1浙江大学农业与生物技术学院园艺系, 杭州 310058
    2浙江凤阳山-百山祖国家级自然保护区百山祖管理处, 庆元 323800
    3杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院, 杭州 311121
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-14 接受日期:2021-09-30 出版日期:2021-09-01 发布日期:2021-10-12
  • 通讯作者: 陈利萍
  • 作者简介:* E-mail: chenliping@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31870320);浙江省科技计划(2019C02026)

Seed Development and Embryo Culture of Endangered Abies beshanzuensis

Ke Liu1, Bin Liu1, Lu Yuan1, Hui Shuai1, Yang Yang1, Tingjin Wang1, Deliang Chen2, Xiaorong Chen2, Kaibin Yang2, Xiaofeng Jin3, Liping Chen1,*()   

  1. 1Horticulture Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
    2Fengyangshan-Baishanzu National Nature Reserve, Qingyuan 323800, China
    3College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
  • Received:2021-06-14 Accepted:2021-09-30 Online:2021-09-01 Published:2021-10-12
  • Contact: Liping Chen

摘要: 百山祖冷杉(Abies beshanzuensis)种子萌发率低, 发育特性尚不明确, 极大地限制了种群在原生境的自然更新。该研究以百山祖冷杉不同发育时期的雌球果为材料, 通过研究球果中种子的胚与胚乳数量、重量和显微结构特性, 及测定种子发育关键时期胚乳的初生代谢物, 探究种子发育特征及影响种子发育的主要因素。结果表明, 7月是百山祖冷杉种子发育的关键时期, 此期间胚乳重量快速增加, 胚乳中碳水化合物代谢活动旺盛。解剖学和形态学分析显示, 7月下旬球果中大量种子发育异常。进一步对发育关键时期胚乳中初生代谢物进行分析表明, 海藻糖-6-磷酸含量显著降低。推测在种子发育的关键时期胚乳中海藻糖-6-磷酸降低可能是种子发育异常的重要原因之一。基于种子发育特征, 该研究建立了百山祖冷杉未成熟胚培养技术体系, 并成功获得试管苗。

关键词: 百山祖冷杉, 种子, 胚, 胚乳, 濒危机制, 胚培养

Abstract: The seed germination rate of Abies beshanzuensis is low, and the characteristics of seed development are elusive, which severely limit the natural regeneration of the population in situ. To illustrate the developmental characteris-tics of seeds and identify the main factors affecting seed development, this article aimed to study the number, weight, and microstructural characteristics of the embryo and endosperm of the seed in the female cones at different development stages, as well as the primary metabolites of the endosperm in the critical period of seed development. The results showed that July was a critical period for seed development of A. beshanzuensis. During this period, the endosperm weight increased rapidly and the carbohydrate metabolism in the endosperm was active. Anatomical and morphological analysis of the female cones showed that a large number of abnormally developed seeds appeared in cones in late July. Analysis of the primary metabolites of endosperm during the critical period showed that the content of trehalose-6-phosp-hate in the endosperm of abnormally developed seeds was significantly decreased. It was speculated that during the critical period of seed development, the decrease of trehalose-6-phosphate in the endosperm may be an important cause of abnormal seed development. Based on the characteristics of A. beshanzuensis seed development, we established the embryo culture technology for A. beshanzuensis, and generated test-tube plantlet.

Key words: Abies beshanzuensis, seed, embryo, endosperm, endangered mechanism, embryo culture