鞘脂在植物-真菌互作中的分子调控机制研究进展

doi:10.11983/CBB18099

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鞘脂是细胞生物膜结构的重要组分, 鞘脂及其代谢产物参与许多重要的信号转导过程。在植物-真菌互作中, 植物鞘脂的主要作用是诱导细胞发生程序性死亡; 真菌鞘脂既能引起植物死亡, 也能诱导植物产生抗病性。该文总结了植物和真菌鞘脂的结构及代谢特点, 综述了鞘脂参与调控植物-真菌互作的分子机制研究进展, 并展望了植物-真菌共生关系中鞘脂作用的研究方向。

关键词: 葡萄糖基神经酰胺, 病原真菌, 程序性细胞死亡, 鞘氨醇

Abstract: Sphingolipids are essential components of cell membranes and take part in many critical processes of signal transduction. In plant-fungus interactions, plant sphingolipids mainly induce programmed cell death, whereas fungus sphingolipids induce plant death or plant disease resistance. In this paper, we summarize the structure and metabolic characteristics of plant and fungus sphingolipids as well as advances in the molecular regulation of sphingolipids in plant-fungus interactions. Moreover, the research direction of the role of sphingolipids in plant-fungus symbiosis is also prospected.

Key words: glucosylceramides, pathogenic fungi, programmed cell death, sphingosine

单婷婷,陈晓梅,郭顺星,田丽霞,严林,王欣. 鞘脂在植物-真菌互作中的分子调控机制研究进展. 植物学报, 2019, 54(3): 396-404.

Tingting Shan,Xiaomei Chen,Shunxing Guo,Lixia Tian,Lin Yan,Xin Wang. Advances in Molecular Regulation of Sphingolipids in Plant-fungus Interactions. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2019, 54(3): 396-404.

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链接本文: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/10.11983/CBB18099

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/CN/Y2019/V54/I3/396

图/表 3

图1 鞘脂的基本骨架无框部分: 鞘氨醇; 实线框: 脂肪酸; 虚线框: 极性基团

Figure 1 The structure of sphingolipidsNo box: Sphingosine; Solid box: Fatty acid; Dotted box: Polar group

图2 植物鞘脂结构中常见的鞘氨醇改自(Warnecke and Heinz, 2003)d18:0: 二氢鞘氨醇; t18:0: 4-羟基鞘氨醇; d18:18: 2-氨基-8-十八烯-1,3-二醇; t18:18: 2-氨基-8-十八烯-1,3,4-三醇; d18:14: 2-氨基-4-十八烯-1,3-二醇; d18:24,8: 2-氨基-4,8-十八二烯-1,3-二醇

Figure 2 Sphingosines in the structure of plant sphingolipids (modified from Warnecke and Heinz, 2003)d18:0: Dihydrosphingosine; t18:0: Phytosphingosine; d18:18: Sphing-8-enine; t18:18: 4-hydroxysphing-8-enine; d18:14: Sphingosine; d18:24,8: Sphinga-4,8-dienine

图3 植物和真菌鞘脂代谢途径(改自Michaelson et al., 2016; Rollin-pinheiro et al., 2016) 黑色加粗边框为真菌特有的产物。SPT: 丝氨酸棕榈酰转移酶; KDHR: 3-酮二氢鞘氨醇还原酶; CerS: (二氢)神经酰胺合酶; DES: 二氢神经酰胺去饱和酶; SK: 鞘氨醇激酶; SPP: 鞘氨醇-1-磷酸磷酸酶; SPL: 鞘氨醇-1-磷酸裂合酶; LCBH: 鞘氨醇羟化酶; CERK: 神经酰胺激酶; CPP: 神经酰胺-1-磷酸磷酸酶; SMS: 鞘磷脂合酶; SMase: 鞘磷脂酶; LCBK: LCB激酶; LCBPP: LCB-1-磷酸磷酸酶; LCBPL: LCB-1-磷酸裂合酶; IPCS: 肌醇磷脂酰神经酰胺合酶; IPUT1: 葡萄糖肌醇磷脂酰神经酰胺醛酸基转移酶1; MIPCS: 甘露糖肌醇磷脂酰神经酰胺合酶; IPT: 肌醇磷酸转移酶; CGT: 神经酰胺半乳糖基转移酶; GALC: 半乳糖神经酰胺酶; GCS: 葡糖基神经酰胺合酶; GCase: 葡糖基神经酰胺酶; CDase: 神经鞘氨醇酶

Figure 3 Sphingolipid biosynthesis in plant and fungi (modified from Michaelson et al., 2016; Rollin-pinheiro et al., 2016) The bold border boxes are unique products of fungi. SPT: Serine palmitoyltransferase; KDHR: 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase; CerS: (dihydro) Ceramide synthase; DES: Dihydroceramide desaturase; SK: Sphingosine kinase; SPP: higoine- 1-phosphate phosphatases; SPL: Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase; LCBH: LCB hydroxylase; CERK: Ceramide kinase; CPP: Ceramide-1-phosphate phosphatases; SMS: Sphingomyelin synthase; SMase: Sphingomyelinases; LCBK: LCB kinase; LCBPP: LCB-1-phosphate phosphatases; LCBPL: LCB-1-phosphate lyase; IPCS: Inositol phosphoryl ceramide synthase; IPUT1: Inositol phosphorylceramide glucuronosyl transferases 1; MIPCS: Mannosylinositol phosphorylceramide synthase; IPT: Inositol phosphoryl transferase; CGT: Galactosyltransferase; GALC: Galactosylceramidase; GCS: Glucosylceramide synthase; GCase: Glucosylceramidase; CDase: Ceramidase

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