Characteristics of Phosphatidic Acid and the Underlying Mechanisms of ABA-induced Stomatal Movement in Plants

doi:10.11983/CBB18115

Abstract

Abstract:

Phosphatidic acid (PA), a second messenger, is considered to be a lipid signal whose level increases transiently in response to various challenges. The main production of PA derives from phospholipase D (PLD) and phospholipase C/diacylglycerol kinase (PLC/DGK) pathways. On the basis of differences in biochemical properties, catalytic mechanisms, and heterogeneities of PLDs, which are activated under specific stress, diverse PA molecular species composition would be formed response to various stresses conditions. PA is involved in various physiological processes. It acts as messenger by binding target proteins and regulating proteins positively and negatively in stomatal closure pathways. In this review, we first summarize biochemical properties of PA and the effects of PA on protein interaction and then provide insights into some crucial and urgent issues as well as directions for future research.

Key words: cytoskeleton, mechanism, phosphatidic acid, signal transduction, stomatal movement

Yajing Wang,Xinying Zhang,Guirong Huang,Xiaoying Liu,Rui Guo,Fengxue Gu,Xiuli Zhong,Xurong Mei. Characteristics of Phosphatidic Acid and the Underlying Mechanisms of ABA-induced Stomatal Movement in Plants[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2019, 54(2): 245-154.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB18115

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2019/V54/I2/245

Figures/Tables 4

Figure 1 Proposed model for interaction between phosphatidic acid (PA) and proteins The electrostatic and hydrogen bonding switch facilitates PA interaction with basic amino acid residues on PA-binding pro- teins.

Figure 2 Roles of SPHK/phyto-S1P and PLDɑ1/PA in ABA-induced stomatal closure signaling pathway (Guo et al., 2011)Arrows represent activation, bars mean inhibition, and dotted lines represent unknown mechanisms.

Figure 3 Proposed model of involvements of phosphatidic acid (PA) in regulating stomatal movements The model includes PA involvements in signal transduction pathways as discussed in the review. Arrows represent activation, bold arrows represent that PA production by phospholipids hydrolyzing by PLDs, bars mean inhibition, and dotted lines represent unknown mechanisms. The yellow block is the feedback effect of PA on SPHK in ABA-induced stomatal closure; The purple block represents PA, Rboh and ROS are involved in stomatal closure; The green block shows that PA and [Ca2+] form a feedback loop, which stimulates the depolymerization of microtubules and ultimately promotes stomatal closure.

Table 1 Various interactive proteins bind on specific phosphatidic acid (PA) molecular species

蛋白	16:0-16:0	16:0-18:1	16:0-18:2	18:0-18:0	18:0-18:1	18:0-18:2	18:1-18:1	18:2-18:2	参考文献
RbohD/F	-	+	+	-		+	+	+	Zhang et al., 2009
ABI1	(弱)			- (弱)			+ (强)	- (弱)	Zhang et al., 2004
MAP65-1	(弱)	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	Zhang et al., 2012
MPK6	(弱)	+	+ (强)	- (弱)		+	+	+	Yu et al., 2010
SPHK	- (弱)	+	+	- (弱)			+	-	Guo et al., 2011
ZmCPK11	+			+					Klimecka et al., 2011

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