Abstract: 4 different drought_resistant wheat varieties were used to study the effects of slow water stress on osmotic adjustment of leaves and roots. The wheat plants were stressed at flowering stage. The osmotic adjustment and osmotyles were determined at different stress time. The results showed that saturated osmotic potential of the roots and shoots was decreasing while the soil water content was becoming little, but the osmotic adjustment of the roots was smaller than that of the shoots. The changes of total soluble matter in the roots and shoots were consistent with the osmotic adjustment, but the content of different soluble matters in the roots was inconsistent with that in the shoots. The amount of soluble sugar and K+ in the shoots were more than that in the roots not only in the content but also in the increasing percentage, but the increasing percentage of free amino acid and Ca2+ in the roots was more than that in shoots.