Inheritance Analysis of Flower Size and Expression of Related Genes in Petunia

doi:10.11983/CBB23141

Abstract

Abstract: Flower size is a key factor in plant evolution and speciation, and also an important trait that determines plant ornamental value, so it is of great scientific significance and practical value to study the inheritance law and regulatory mechanism of floral size. To clarify the inheritance law of flower size in petunia, the inbred lines and wild species of petunia with different flower sizes were used to make cross combinations and construct genetic populations in this study, including large-flowered line × medium-flowered lines (W × S26 and W × S) and large-flowered line × small-flowered line (W × S6). The results showed that all F₁ generation of W × S26 were large-flowered plants, while the flower size appeared separation in F₂ population with the ratio between large- and medium-flowered individuals of about 3:1, and the segregation ratio between large- and medium-flowered plants was close to 1:1 in the BC₁ backcross population. For the W × S combination, all F₁ individuals were large-flowered, while the flower size appeared separation in the F₂ population, with large- to medium-flowered plants close to 2:1. The F₁ progenies of W × S6 are all medium-flowed plants, while the flower size of the F₂ generation showed evident variation and continuous distribution. Performing mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model analysis, the optimal models for W × S26 and W × S combination were 1MG-AD and 2MG-EAD respectively, according to the standard of minimum AIC value. It is reasonable to conclude that the large flower trait of the inbred line W is controlled by a single dominant gene related to the middle flower trait of S26, whereas the large flower of the inbred line W is controlled by two semi-dominant genes related to the small flower of the inbred line S. In addition, nine genes that may regulate flower size of petunia were selected based on the transcriptomic analysis of large and small flowers, and their expression levels were detected in the petals of various strains with different flower sizes by qPCR. The results showed that the expression levels of cytokinin receptor gene PhHK and Type-A RRs in response to cytokinin signal were generally higher in large flowers than in medium and small flowers, suggesting that cytokinin signaling pathway may be a key factor involved in regulating the large flower trait in petunia.

Key words: Key Words Petunia, flower size, inheritance law, cytokinin signaling pathway

Miaomiao Sun, Wei Zhang, Linxia Zhang, Zhineng Li, Guofeng Liu. Inheritance Analysis of Flower Size and Expression of Related Genes in Petunia[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2024, 59(3): 0-0.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB23141

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2024/V59/I3/0

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