Research Progress on Catalytic Characteristics of Pinoresinol-lariciresinol Reductase in Plants

doi:10.11983/CBB22160

Abstract

Abstract: Pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases (PLRs) are key enzymes involved in the lignan biosynthesis in plants, which convert pinoresinol to lariciresinol and then to secoisolariciresinol. PLRs are NADPH-dependent reductases with substrate stereoselectivity. The catalytic products of PLR are the sources of different types of 8-8′ lignans, and the substrate selectivity directly determines the skeleton types of lignans, such as furano, dibenzylbutane, dibenzylbutyrolactone and aryltetrahydronaphthalene lignans. Therefore, the catalytic and expression characteristics of PLRs play an important role in the composition and biodiversity of lignans in plants. This paper reviewed the research progress on the important role of PLRs in lignans biosynthesis, as well as its enantioselectivity and catalytic mechanism, thus to lay the foundation for further study on the biological function and catalytic mechanism of PLR genes, and point out the direction for the precise biosynthesis of different types of lignans enantiomers through synthetic biology.

Key words: pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases (PLRs), lignans, catalytic characteristics, enantioselectivity, catalytic mechanism

Yanhong Yin, Wansheng Chen, Ying Xiao. Research Progress on Catalytic Characteristics of Pinoresinol-lariciresinol Reductase in Plants[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(4): 656-667.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB22160

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2023/V58/I4/656

Figures/Tables 5

Figure 1 Lignan biosynthetic pathways PAL: Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; C4H: Cinnamate-4-hydroxylase; 4CL: 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase; HCT: Hydroxycinnamoyltransferase; C3H: Coumarate-3-hydroxylase; CCoAOMT: Caffeoyl coenzyme A-O-methyltransferase; CCR: Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase; CAD: Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase; DIR: Dirigent protein; PLR: Pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase; SDH: Secoisolariciresinol dehydrogenase; UGT: Uridine diphosphatedependent glycosyltransferase

Table 1 PLR genes from different plant species

植物名称	基因名称	GenBank 登录号	cDNA长度(bp)	开放阅读框长度(bp)	参考文献
金钟连翘(Forsythia intermedia)	FiPLR1	U81158	1047	939	Dinkova-Kostova et al., 1996
拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)	AtPrR1	NM102944	1129	954	Nakatsubo et al., 2008
拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)	AtPrR2	NM117440	1206	954	Nakatsubo et al., 2008
菘蓝(Isatis indigotica)	IiPLR1	JF264893	1062	954	Xiao et al., 2015
亚麻(Linum usitatissimum)	LuPLR1	AJ849359	-	939	von Heimendahl et al., 2005
亚麻(Linum usitatissimum)	LuPLR2	EU029951	1203	993	Hemmati et al., 2010
白亚麻(L. album)	LaPLR1	AJ849358	1482	981	von Heimendahl et al., 2005
黄亚麻(L. flavum)	LfPLR	MK599138	-	975	Akira et al., 2016
长萼亚麻(L. corymbulosum)	LcPLR1	EU107358	1244	948	Bayindir et al., 2010
宿根亚麻(L. perenne)	LpPLR1	EF050530	1145	945	Hemmati et al., 2007
桃儿七(Sinopodophyllum hexandrum)	ShPLR	EU855792	983	936	Wankhede et al., 2013
六角莲(Dysosma pleiantha)	DpPLR	KJ000045	-	933	Kuo et al., 2014
北美乔柏(Thuja plicata)	TpPLR1	AF242503	1190	942	Fujita et al., 1999
	TpPLR2	AF242504	1151	939
	TpPLR3	AF242505	1308	945
	TpPLR4	AF242506	1287	939
台湾杉(Taiwania cryptomerioides)	TcPLR1	MG264424	-	975	Chiang et al., 2018
	TcPLR2.2	MG264425	1138	942
	TcPLR3	MG264426	1102	939
山茶(Camellia sinensis)	CsPLR1	MH037247	1325	939	Wu et al., 2019
山茶(Camellia sinensis)	CsPLR2	MH037248	1126	939	Wu et al., 2019

Figure 2 Comparison of amino acid sequences and secondary structure domain of PLRs (GXXGXXG: NADPH-binding motif)

Figure 3 Phylogenetic tree and enantioselectivity of PLRs in plants PIN: Pinoresinol; LAR: Lariciresinol; SEC: Secoisolariciresinol. On the right side, specific forms of enantioselectivity of PLRs in plants to pinoresinol and lariciresinol ( / indicate no catalytic activity)

Figure 4 Protein crystal structure of IiPLR1_NAP_+PIN (A) and detail of substrate bonding groove (B) α: α-helix; β: β-sheet. NADPH and +PIN were highlighted in orange and yellow, respectively; the N-terminal NADP+ binding domain (NBD) and the C-terminal substrate binding domain (SBD) were colored in light green and ginger, respectively; dotted lines denote possible hydrogen bonds between +PIN and active residues around substrate; Mol-A and Mol-B are two monomer of homodimer.

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