Research Progress in Efficient Fixation, Transport, Assimilation of Carbon and Nitrogen in Legume Forages

doi:10.11983/CBB22157

Abstract

Abstract: In China, the demand for high-quality forage is continuously increasing. Improving the yield and quality of various forages, especially alfalfa (Medicago sativa), has been an important scientific and economic goal for plant breeders. Fixation of carbon dioxide by photosynthesis is the basis for the formation of forage biomass. Nitrogen absorption, fixation, transport and assimilation are important biological processes that affect the crude protein content of forage and determine its quality. Both biological processes are interdependent to each other. Therefore, we propose the new breeding ideas for efficient fixation, transport and assimilation of carbon and nitrogen in alfalfa, and summarize the latest progress in efficient fixation and transport of carbon dioxide, nitrogen fixation and absorption, as well as nitrogen transport and assimilation in recent years, so as to shed some light on molecular design breeding for forage with high biomass and high protein content in the future.

Key words: legume forage, carbon fixation and photosynthesis, nitrogen uptake and assimilation, carbon and nitrogen transportation, nitrogen fixation

Zhaosheng Kong, Wenqiang Yang, Baichen Wang, Rongcheng Lin. Research Progress in Efficient Fixation, Transport, Assimilation of Carbon and Nitrogen in Legume Forages[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2022, 57(6): 764-773.

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URL: https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/10.11983/CBB22157

https://www.chinbullbotany.com/EN/Y2022/V57/I6/764

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References 79

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反应	基因名称	应用效果	参考文献
碳固定	玉米蔗糖磷酸合成酶基因(SPS)	净光合速率、固氮能力以及氮素同化效率均提高, 蛋白质含量和地上部生物量增加	2015
	大肠杆菌羟基丙二酸半醛还原酶基因(TSR)	获得转基因植株	2018
	大肠杆菌乙醇酸脱氢酶亚基编码基因(GLcD)	获得转基因植株	2018
	大肠杆菌乙醇酸脱氢酶亚基编码基因(GLcE)	获得转基因植株	2018
	大肠杆菌乙醇酸脱氢酶亚基编码基因(GLcF)	获得转基因植株	2018
	玉米磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶基因(PEPC)	获得转基因植株	2021
	紫花苜蓿光合和叶绿体发育负调控因子编码基因 (NRPC1/NRPC2)	获得转基因植株	2020
氮同化	大豆胞质谷氨酰胺合成酶基因(GS1)	净光合速率和生物量显著提高	2009

反应	基因名称	应用效果	参考文献
碳固定	玉米蔗糖磷酸合成酶基因(SPS)	净光合速率、固氮能力以及氮素同化效率均提高, 蛋白质含量和地上部生物量增加	2015
	大肠杆菌羟基丙二酸半醛还原酶基因(TSR)	获得转基因植株	2018
	大肠杆菌乙醇酸脱氢酶亚基编码基因(GLcD)	获得转基因植株	2018
	大肠杆菌乙醇酸脱氢酶亚基编码基因(GLcE)	获得转基因植株	2018
	大肠杆菌乙醇酸脱氢酶亚基编码基因(GLcF)	获得转基因植株	2018
	玉米磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶基因(PEPC)	获得转基因植株	2021
	紫花苜蓿光合和叶绿体发育负调控因子编码基因 (NRPC1/NRPC2)	获得转基因植株	2020
氮同化	大豆胞质谷氨酰胺合成酶基因(GS1)	净光合速率和生物量显著提高	2009