野大麦(Hordeum brevisubulatum)为禾本科大麦属多年生草本植物, 具有较强的抗寒和耐盐碱能力, 是挖掘抗逆基因的优良种质资源。但目前尚未见野大麦遗传转化体系的报道。该研究以蒙农1号杂交野大麦成熟胚为外植体诱导愈伤组织, 建立了野大麦高效组培快繁体系, 分化率达70%, 快繁系数为35。在此基础上, 利用根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens) EHA105菌株侵染筛选获得的高质量愈伤系YZ101, 通过优化侵染条件使侵染率接近30%。该体系的建立为野大麦功能基因组研究与分子设计育种奠定了基础。

Hordeum brevisubulatum is a perennial grass belonging to the genus Hordeum in the Poaceae with strong cold and salt-alkali tolerance, which is an excellent germplasm resource for mining stress resistance genes. However, there are few reports on the genetic transformation system in H. brevisubulatum. In this study, the mature embryos in wild barley (Mengnong 1 hybrid) seeds were employed as explants to induce high quality embryogenic calli. A highly efficient tissue culture system was established for Mengnong 1 hybrid wild barley with approximate 70% of differentiation rate and the propagation coefficient was 35. Furthermore, Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 was used to infect the wild barley callus line YZ101, and the infection efficiency was approximate 30% with optimized infection conditions. This study will facilitate gene function deciphering and developing novel germplasm in H. brevisubulatum through molecular design breeding.