植物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (6): 935-945.DOI: 10.11983/CBB23050
李奕1,2,3,†, 张曦1,2,3,†, 袁艳辉1,2,3, 公丕昌4,*(), 林金星1,2,3,*()
收稿日期:
2023-04-14
接受日期:
2023-08-19
出版日期:
2023-11-01
发布日期:
2023-11-27
通讯作者:
* E-mail: gongpeichang@ibcas.ac.cn;linjx@ibcas.ac.cn
作者简介:
† 共同第一作者
基金资助:
Yi Li1,2,3,†, Xi Zhang1,2,3,†, Yanhui Yuan1,2,3, Pichang Gong4,*(), Jinxing Lin1,2,3,*()
Received:
2023-04-14
Accepted:
2023-08-19
Online:
2023-11-01
Published:
2023-11-27
Contact:
* E-mail: gongpeichang@ibcas.ac.cn;linjx@ibcas.ac.cn
About author:
† These authors contributed equally to this paper
摘要: 适配体是一种从人工合成的文库中筛选出来、能够特异结合靶标分子的单链寡核苷酸或多肽。适配体基于自身结构和序列与靶分子特异结合并调节其活性, 应用于生物体内分子功能研究及新型药物制剂的研发。近年来, 多肽适配体广泛应用于医学、遗传学和分子生物学等多个领域, 成为一种高效、特异且功能强大的新工具。在植物研究中, 随着相应体系的建立、应用和推广, 适配体技术逐渐成为研究植物分子功能的有效工具。该文综述了不同类型的适配体、筛选原理及优缺点, 以及在植物研究中的应用。可以预见, 随着分子设计育种技术的发展, 适配体技术有望成为植物科学领域有价值的应用工具。
李奕, 张曦, 袁艳辉, 公丕昌, 林金星. 适配体技术及其在植物科学研究中的应用. 植物学报, 2023, 58(6): 935-945.
Yi Li, Xi Zhang, Yanhui Yuan, Pichang Gong, Jinxing Lin. Aptamers and Their Applications in Plant Science Researches. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2023, 58(6): 935-945.
图1 适配体的分类、筛选及其作用靶标 适配体分为核酸适配体和多肽适配体两类。核酸适配体包括DNA适配体和RNA适配体, 筛选方式主要包括配体指数富集系统进化(SELEX)技术以及基于SELEX的微流控芯片技术、镜像筛选技术和计算机建模筛选等。多肽适配体的筛选方式主要包括噬菌体展示技术、化学合成随机多肽库筛选和分子对接模拟筛选等。适配体的靶标主要包括细胞、细菌、病毒、DNA、RNA和蛋白质等。
Figure 1 The classification, screening and targets of aptamers The aptamers can be divided into nucleic acid aptamers and peptide aptamers. The nucleic acid aptamers include DNA aptamers and RNA aptamers, and the screening methods mainly include systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technology, and SELEX based microfluidic chip, mirror-image and computer modeling. Peptide aptamers can be screened by phage display, random peptide library and molecular docking. The targets of aptamers are mainly involved in cells, bacteria, virus, DNA, RNA, and proteins.
图2 通过人工合成多肽适配体库筛选靶蛋白最适多肽适配体流程 利用人工合成肽库的方式, 体外筛选得到与靶蛋白结合的最适多肽适配体。在体外向植物表面喷施多肽适配体, 多肽适配体进入植物细胞, 影响靶蛋白与其它蛋白的相互作用, 从而抑制靶蛋白的功能。
Figure 2 The process of selecting the most suitable peptide aptamer for the target protein through the synthetic peptide aptamer library The optimal peptide aptamer binding to the target protein was screened in vitro by using a synthetic peptide library. Peptide aptamers are sprayed on the surface of plants in vitro, and peptide aptamers enter plant cells to affect the interaction between target proteins and other proteins, thereby inhibiting the function of target proteins.
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