植物学报 ›› 1990, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (01): 1-5.

• 专论与综述 •    下一篇

植物寒害和抗寒机制中膜与蛋白质研究的进展

潘杰 简令成   

  1. (中国科学院植物研究所, 北京 100044)
  • 出版日期:1990-03-10 发布日期:1990-03-10

Advances of the Studies on Biomembranes and Proteins in Plant Freezing Injury and Cold Hardiness

Pan Jie and Jian Ling-cheng   

  1. (Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100044)
  • Online:1990-03-10 Published:1990-03-10

摘要: 低温对细胞膜体系的损伤是植物寒害的重要机制。膜体系的稳定性与植物的抗寒性成正相关,但不同的细胞膜体系对细胞外结冰的敏感程度是不同的。抗寒锻炼中膜磷脂的生物合成与抗寒力的发展有密切关系,但不是抗寒力发展的前提条件,可能是对发展高水平的抗寒力起作用;而膜脂脂肪酸不饱和度的增加是植物对低温生长的反应,与抗寒性无立直接关系。近年来膜脂 — 膜蛋白相互关系的研究引起研究者们的重视,已在多种植物低温锻炼中观察到抗寒特异蛋白质合成与基因表达均有所改变,并发现抗寒力的诱导主要是在转录水平上的调控。

Abstract: The injury of membranes by low temperature is the most important mechanism of plant freezing in jury. There is a positive correlation between the stablity of cellular membranes and plant cold hardiness, although not all cellular membranes exhibit similar degrees of sensitivity to extracellular freezing. The membrane phospholipid biosynthesis during cold acclimation is closely related to the development of freezing resistance, but it is not initial reason, probably it is required for developing high lever of freezing resistance. The increased unsaturation of membrane lipids is only the response to low temperature and has no directly relation to cold hardiness. Also, cold-acclimation-specific protein synthesis and altered gene expression have been observed during cold acclimation of plants. The induction of freezing resistance is regulated probably at the transcriptional level.