植物学报 ›› 2003, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (06): 671-679.

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物耐冷性分子机理的研究进展

王国莉 郭振飞   

  1. (华南农业大学生命科学学院植物逆境生物学研究中心 广州 510642)
  • 收稿日期:2002-11-26 修回日期:2003-04-09 出版日期:2003-12-20 发布日期:2003-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 王国莉

The Progress of Researches on Molecular Mechanism of Chilling Tolerance in Plants

WANG Guo-Li GUO Zhen-Fei   

  1. (Center for Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642)
  • Received:2002-11-26 Revised:2003-04-09 Online:2003-12-20 Published:2003-12-20
  • Contact: WANG Guo-Li

摘要: 近年来对植物耐冷性分子机理的研究不断深入。主要体现在以下4个方面:植物的冷敏感性可以通过调节膜脂的不饱和脂肪酸水平得到调控,调节的途径是通过酰脂去饱和酶和甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶的作用;利用转基因技术在植物中超表达抗氧化酶基因,如编码SOD、 APX、CAT和GR等的基因,可望提高耐冷性;植物低温逆境信号转导的研究表明,ABA不仅是重要的低温逆境信号,而且可调节冷害下基因的表达,Ca2+是一个主要的第二信使,蛋白激酶途径也参与了植物冷害的信号转导;低温诱导的蛋白或酶类主要有脱水蛋白和热稳定蛋白。

Abstract: Many researches on molecular mechanism of chilling tolerance have been reported in these years. In this paper, we give a review of four aspects. The chilling sensitivity of plants can be regulated by the level of unsaturated fatty acids in membrane lipids, which could be attained by controlling the action of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and acyl_lipid desaturases. The chilling tolerance can be strengthened, by transfering some genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, APX, CAT and GR. Some researches demonstrated: ABA is not only an important stress signal of low temperature, but also regulates the expression of many genes under low temperature, Ca2+ is a major second messenger, protein kinases also take part in the signal transduction under low temperature in plant. The chilling_induced proteins or enzymes involve dehydrate proteins and heat-stable proteins.