Abstract: In past ten years, the rapid research of transgenic rice with C4 gene related to fixed carbon has drawn wide attention from the scientific community all over the world. We briefly discuss related research, including C4 fixed carbon gene engineering of rice and the physiological characters of photosynthesis and photooxidation in transgenic rice with C4 gene related to fixed carbon and its physiological breeding. The physiological breeding of C4 transgenic rice with C4 gene related to fixed carbon by a combination of conventional breeding and biotechnology will be one of the pathways in developing high grain yield of super-rice.